Cardioprotective properties of leptin in patients with excessive body mass

Abstract

Background Adipose tissue is producing adipokines that play different roles in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Aims The study aimed to assess the role of selected biomarkers in hypertensive patients with overweight and obesity compared with those with normal body-mass index (BMI). Methods A total of 62 patients with BMI < 25 kg/m 2 (median age 54 (46-58) yrs., 57% males) and 51 with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 (median age 53 (48-59) yrs., 37% males) were enrolled. Biochemical parameters, leptin, adiponectin, and resistin; asymmetric dimethylarginine; interleukin 6; and N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen, were assessed in plasma. The evaluation of hemodynamic parameters was performed using SphygmoCor 9.0 tonometer. Echocardiography was performed using AlokaAlpha 10 Premier device. Results Overweight and obese patients had significantly higher concentration of leptin (34 vs 18 ng/ml; p = 0.03), ADMA (0.43 vs 0.38 μmol/l, p = 0.04), and lower concentration of adiponectin (5.3 vs 7 μg/ml, p = 0.01). The only significant difference in tonometry analysis was higher aortic pulse pressure (mmHg) in patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 group (34 vs 30; p = 0.03). These patients had also significantly lower peak systolic velocity and early diastolic velocity in tissue Doppler imaging of the right ventricle free wall at the level of the tricuspid annulus compared with controls (p = 0.02 and p = 0.001, respectively). The level of leptin is correlated negatively with the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (R Spearman = − 0.5; p = 0.002) and PWV (R = − 0.4; p = 0.01) and ADMA with total and LDL cholesterol (R = − 0.42; p = 0.008), and adiponectin is correlated positively with HDL cholesterol (R = 0.67; p = 0.0001). Conclusions Leptin concentrations were inversely proportional to LVMI and PWV in patients with BMI < 25 kg/m 2 . Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov study ID: NCT04175080.

Ocena leczenia nadciśnienia tętniczego i czynników ryzyka ponownych hospitalizacji pacjentów z pierwotnym nadciśnieniem tętniczym hospitalizowanych z przyczyn kardiologicznych

“…The authors underline that the reduction of excessive body weight is particularly beneficial for patients taking antihypertensive drugs. At the same time, the findings of Paduszyńska et al [9] provide evidence that the choice of adequate pharmacotherapy for hypertension enables the control of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, regardless of the BMI value. In this study, we observed that in some patients arterial hypertension was accompanied by other comorbidities.…”

The Role of Adipokines in the Development of Arterial Stiffness and Hypertension

“…50 Our results have shown the relationship between leptin, PWV, and newly diagnosed hypertension. Gonzalez et al 10 and Paduszyńska et al 11 presented correlations between high levels of serum leptin and hypertension and AS. Our results are also confirmed by the Inter99 study where leptin, but not adiponectin or C reactive protein, may have played a mediating role in overweight-induced hypertension.…”

“…4 The current literature indicates that the levels of adipokines are associated with hypertension and blood pressure (BP) control 5 –7 and vascular manifestations of the condition. 8 –11…”

Association between adipokines and cardiac remodeling in obese patients in preclinical heart failure

“…Антигипертрофический эффект лептина показан в ряде экспериментальных данных и ассоциирован с нарушением лептиновой сигнализации [43,44]. Серия исследований на людях показывает антигипертрофический эффект лептина, демонстрируя аналогичные результаты, полученные в представленной работе [45][46][47][48]. В популяционном перекрестном исследовании, проведенном M. Pladevall et al на выборке пациентов с избыточной массой тела на доклинической стадии СН после поправки на пол, возраст, САД, HOMA-IR, уровень циркулирующего лептина отрицательно ассоциировался с ММЛЖ/рост 2,7 [45].…”