Cardioprotective effect of Saraca indica against cyclophosphamide induced cardiotoxicity in rats: A biochemical, electrocardiographic and histopathological study

Abstract

Objectives:Cardioprotective activity of alcoholic extract of Saraca indica (SI) bark was investigated against cyclophosphamide induced cardiotoxicity.Materials and Methods:Cardiotoxicity was induced in Wistar rats by administering cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg, i.p.) single injection on first day of experimental period. Saraca indica (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered immediately after administration of cyclophosphamide on first day and daily for 10 days. The general observations and mortality were measured.Results:Cyclophosphamide administration significantly (p < 0.05) increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and decreased the levels of antioxidant markers such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Cyclophosphamide elevated the levels of biomarker enzymes like creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Further, the cyclophosphamide treated rats showed changes in electrocardiogram (ECG) along with increased levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Treatment with Saraca indica significantly (p < 0.05) reversed the status of cardiac biomarkers, ECG, oxidative enzymes and lipid profile in cyclophosphamide induced cardiotoxicity. Potential cardioprotective effect of Saraca indica was supported by histopathological examination that reduced severity of cellular damage of the myocardium.Conclusion:The biochemical, ECG and histopathology reports support the cardioprotective effect of Saraca indica which could be attributed to antioxidant activity.

Cardioprotective effects of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. against cyclophosphamide related cardiotoxicity in rats

“…Similar to our study in many other studies [11,16,26] there was seen an increasing level of CK-MB when treated with CYP. Our biochemical data has been expressed in the same line with other studies which observed a significant increase in AST and CK-MB levels [25,29,32]. After using the dose of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg HT plus CYP; it was resulted in a clear decrease in AST and CK-MB levels compared to the CYP group (Figure 4, 5, table 1).…”

“…Overproduction of reactive oxygen species leads to the oxidative stress, DNA injury, cellular membrane impairment and necrosis in cells and tissues [27]. Also, in some other researches it was observed that CYP quickly damages membranes by lipid peroxidation and results in the loss of myocardial membrane integrity and function [28,29]. CYP induced cardiotoxicity has been implicated to an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species, which impair the cardiac tissue by exceeding the oxygen radical detoxifying capacity of cardiac mitochondrial cells [30].…”

Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

“…with saline solution for 5 consecutive days, one hour after the last dose; rats were injected with a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) (Viswanatha et al, 2013); Group IV: rats were pretreated with NAC (200 mg/kg) for 5 days, 1 h after the last dose; rats were injected with CP (200 mg/kg). Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, the blood was collected by cardiac puncture from the ether anesthetized rats.…”

Can lactoferrin modulate the immunostimulant activity of levamisole in rats immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide?

“…The groups treated as follows. The group I was kept as control, group II was given CYP at a single intraperitoneal dose of (200 mg/kg body weight) on the first day of the experiment according to [12], group III was administered CYP and Lac, group IV orally administrated Lac only (0.5%) in drinking water during the 21 days of the experiment according to [13], Group V treated with CYP and levamisole. Group VI orally administrated levamisole at a dose of (2.5 mg/kg body weight) according to [14].…”