Cardio- and neurometabolic effects of lower-body pressure-supported exercise in obese non-diabetic women: Resetting autonomic imbalance?

Abstract

Background: Overnutrition and underactivity cause most chronic disease via

Oxytocin in metabolic homeostasis: implications for obesity and diabetes management

“…Also, naloxone (a drug that antagonises opioid effects by competing for opiate receptor sites in the central nervous system) inhibited the effects of oxytocin on the stress hormone response in the aforementioned exercise testing study, suggesting that oxytocin mediates its effects through the release of endogenous opioids. In support of this hypothesis, endogenous plasma oxytocin concentrations were highly correlated with plasma levels of β-endorphin (127). Of interest, orexin-A, which is positively associated with the amount of spontaneous physical activity (132), also showed remarkable positive correlation with plasma oxytocin (127,132).…”

“…In support of this hypothesis, endogenous plasma oxytocin concentrations were highly correlated with plasma levels of β-endorphin (127). Of interest, orexin-A, which is positively associated with the amount of spontaneous physical activity (132), also showed remarkable positive correlation with plasma oxytocin (127,132).…”

“…There also appears to be a large discordance in the reporting of physiological plasma oxytocin concentrations, with measured concentrations ranging from~0.1 tõ 1,000 pg mL À1 in normal subjects, with no clear relationship to gender, BMI or metabolic health status (13,100,102,123,127,138). The use of plasma samples with or without extraction, co-detection of other molecules with OT-like immunoreactivity (101) and heterophilic interference (139) have been suggested as possible reasons for the apparent inconsistencies in data.…”

“…Nocturnal plasma oxytocin concentration was also lower in amenorrheic female athletes compared with non‐athletes; significant positive correlations between plasma oxytocin concentrations and resting energy expenditure, body fat and hormones regulating energy expenditure and satiety (irisin and PYY) were also found in female athletes . In a recent study of untrained, nondiabetic women with obesity, 10 weeks of low frequency, low‐intensity treadmill sessions did not have any effect on fasting plasma oxytocin concentrations . Collectively, it would suggest that plasma oxytocin is unaffected by exercise, although further studies will be needed to establish the relationship between chronic exercise and plasma oxytocin.…”

The effects of moderate-intensity step-aerobics, spinning, and educational game exercise programs on plasma dopamine and oxytocin levels in women in the menopausal transition period

“…It was determined that the pOT concentrations did not change in either the early follicular phase or the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle [23]. Another study reported that 11 weeks of lower-body pressure supported exercise, which was applied to obese non-diabetic women aged 18-56 years by use of 60% body weight for half an hour 2-3 times a week, had no effect on pOT concentrations [24]. When the effects of a maximum fatigue test, 60-minute treadmill and a 56-km ultramarathon, were evaluated among seven runners (five males and two females), the ultramarathon was found to be the only running exercise that caused a significant increase in pOT value [25].…”