“…This policy may be affected in the near future by the good long-term survival obtained in recipients of first CTx, which results in a dramatic increase in number of patients presenting with CAV, and thus, in number of potential candidates for Re-CTx. On the contrary, facing the severe lack of donor grafts and the poor prognosis of patients undergoing Re-CTx after short interval, the policy for Re-CTx in these patients should be discussed on a case-by-case basis [40]. In fact, Re-CTx for AR or PGF has not been performed in the present study afte year 2000.…”
An orthotopic heart transplant remains the gold standard treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. Despite significant developments and the widespread use of durable mechanical circulation support, a small number of patients will be considered for a heart retransplant. In this video tutorial, we describe the strategy and technique for patients who have already received an orthotopic heart transplant and who undergo a cardiac retransplant with a modified bicaval anastomosis technique.
“…This policy may be affected in the near future by the good long-term survival obtained in recipients of first CTx, which results in a dramatic increase in number of patients presenting with CAV, and thus, in number of potential candidates for Re-CTx. On the contrary, facing the severe lack of donor grafts and the poor prognosis of patients undergoing Re-CTx after short interval, the policy for Re-CTx in these patients should be discussed on a case-by-case basis [40]. In fact, Re-CTx for AR or PGF has not been performed in the present study afte year 2000.…”
An orthotopic heart transplant remains the gold standard treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. Despite significant developments and the widespread use of durable mechanical circulation support, a small number of patients will be considered for a heart retransplant. In this video tutorial, we describe the strategy and technique for patients who have already received an orthotopic heart transplant and who undergo a cardiac retransplant with a modified bicaval anastomosis technique.
“…The course accepts an average of 60 students a year for its basic certificate training, and 50 students can take the advanced course (university diploma). The course teaches about 60-70 surgeons per year, and to date, the course has taught over 3,000 surgeons 8 .…”
Section: The Development Of Rat-model Microsurgery Training Courses: ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Rather, they practice a different more difficult technique every time. At the completion of the course, a final exam is applied, and a previous study showed that the success rate is related to the number of training hours 8 . Table 4 summarizes the training exercises taught in the Paris advanced course.…”
Section: Rat Model Advanced Skills Course Componentsmentioning
Microsurgery is a precise surgical skill that requires an extensive training period and the supervision of expert instructors. The classical training schemes in microsurgery have started with multiday experimental courses on the rat model. These courses have offered a low threat supervised high fidelity laboratory setting in which students can steadily and rapidly progress. This simulated environment allows students to make and recognise mistakes in microsurgery techniques and thus shifts any related risks of the early training period from the operating room to the lab. To achieve a high level of skill acquisition before beginning clinical practice, students are trained on a comprehensive set of exercises the rat model can uniquely provide, with progressive complexity as competency improves. This paper presents the utility of the classical rat model in three of the earliest microsurgery training centres and the new prospects that this versatile and expansive training model offers.
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