Cardiac tamponade and death from intrapericardial of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm

Munk, Marc-David; King, D; Webb, Gary D.

doi:10.1016/s1010-7940(98)00269-3

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Unruptured left SVA can lead to acute myocardial infarction by direct compression of the left coronary artery or by spontaneous dissection . Sudden cardiac death due to unruptured or ruptured SVA may result from tamponade, myocardial ischemia, conduction abnormalities, or arrhythmias …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spectrum of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm—From the young to the old

et al. 2017

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Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare but potentially serious condition. Proper and timely diagnosis is crucial to the outcome of patients, particularly when rupture has occurred. Echocardiography is often the initial diagnostic imaging modality of choice as it is ubiquitous, relatively inexpensive, and without need for radiation or iodinated contrast administration. There are several congenital abnormalities that can appear similar to SVA on echocardiography, making the diagnosis challenging especially if providers are unfamiliar with these conditions. Here, we present a case series of three patients with SVA, representing a wide spectrum ranging from a young man presenting with acute rupture and decompensated heart failure to an elderly asymptomatic male with an incidental unruptured aneurysm. We will also present a brief literature overview and our approach to differentiating SVA from other congenital abnormalities on echocardiography.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spectrum of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm—From the young to the old

et al. 2017

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“…Rupture into the pericardial space, a very rare complication (2% of noncoronary SVA ruptures), almost invariably leads to fatal cardiac tamponade[ 46]. Sudden death may also occur if the rupture causes compression of the ostium of the left main coronary artery, resulting in myocardial ischemia and arrhythmic death[ 47].…”

Section: Ruptured Aneurysmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aneurysms of the Sinuses of Valsalva

2006

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Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms are rare cardiac anomalies which may be acquired or congenital, most commonly involving the right or noncoronary sinuses. The congenital aneurysms are more common and often caused by weakness at the junction of the aortic media and the annulus fibrosus. Acquired aneurysms are caused by conditions affecting the aortic wall, such as infections (syphilis, bacterial endocarditis, or tuberculosis), trauma, or connective tissue disorders. Unruptured aneurysms are usually found incidentally during diagnostic studies. More commonly, sinus of Valsalvaaneurysms are diagnosed after clinical sequelae of rupture. Diagnosis of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is facilitated by echocardiography, contrast aortography, and more recently, magnetic resonance imaging. Repair is generally required for ruptured aneurysms; unruptured aneurysms encroaching on nearby structures, causing myocardial ischemia, or having the potential to rupture warrant repair. A review of the literature is presented focusing on anatomy, clinical presentation of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms, noninvasive diagnostic modalities, and techniques for repair of this anomaly.

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“…Although it was difficult to decipher the cause of her sudden death, especially when no autopsy was done, it may not be closely related to SVA since the rupture in question is deemed insidious. Sudden cardiac death in SVA results from tamponade, myocardial ischemia related to left anterior descending artery ostial occlusion, conduction system defects and arrhythmia [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%