Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A Review of Contemporary Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment

Yatsynovich, Yan; Dittoe, Nathaniel; Petrov, Mikhail; Maroz, Natallia

doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2017.08.009

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Others report mainly pulmonary involvement. Studies in Japan report cardiac infiltration up to 25% in contrast with the European studies in which the prevalence ranges from 2 to 7% [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…This is a multisystem condition, of unknown etiology, which affects the lungs in most patients (90%) and usually involves the nodes and mediastinum. Cardiac involvement varies according to the population studied and can reach up to 25% [3]. The typical histological feature is the presence of non-necrotizing granuloma (see Figure 1) [6] with a central area rich in macrophages, epithelial cells, giant multinucleated cells, and T CD4-positive lymphocytes.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The echocardiographic findings are diverse with low sensitivity and specificity; however, they are useful for follow-up of patients to monitor progression of the disease [3]. The alterations that stand out include anomalies of the segmental and global contractility (usually following a non-coronary epicardial pattern), thickening or thinning of the interventricular septum (especially toward the base), diastolic dysfunction, and ventricular hypertrophy which can simulate a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and aneurysms [4].…”

Section: Echocardiogrammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This imaging technique is useful in cardiac sarcoidosis for the identification of possible areas with active inflammatory processes; an algorithm has been proposed as a response test to treatment [3]. As a diagnostic guide, a meta-analysis concluded 89% sensibility and 78% specificity; however, these results should be viewed with caution and with the diagnostic criteria used as a pattern [26].…”

Section: Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron 18 Emission Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Castillo¹,

Camargo²

2020

Sarcoidosis and Granulomatosis - Diagnosis and Management

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Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown origin characterized by the infiltration of non-necrotizing granulomas that can affect any organ. The presentation of cardiac involvement can range from slight infiltration to complete atrioventricular block, ventricular arrhythmia, or cardiac failure. The diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion; approach to treatment depends upon the presence, or absence, of extracardiac sarcoidosis; sometimes a biopsy of the myocardial tissue is the only way to obtain an accurate diagnosis. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is the imaging technique which can provide information useful in diagnosis of this condition. If there is active inflammation, the fundamental form of treatment is immunosuppression therapy. Other concomitant treatments can be required such as the implantation of devices or modulation of arrhythmias. The prognosis is conditioned depending upon the extent of the disease and response to the therapy.

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“…Others report mainly pulmonary involvement. Studies in Japan report cardiac infiltration up to 25% in contrast with the European studies in which the prevalence ranges from 2 to 7% [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Echocardiogrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron 18 Emission Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Castillo¹,

Camargo²

2020

Sarcoidosis and Granulomatosis - Diagnosis and Management

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“…Ventricular arrhythmias occur in 30% of cases and comprise sustained and nonsustained VT and ventricular premature beats [9]. Of note, patients with AV blocks or history of VT have an elevated risk for sudden cardiac death, and the latter accounts for 25% of deaths in CS [14].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac sarcoidosis: Case presentation and Review of the literature

Chamorro-Pareja

Marin-Acevedo

Chirilă

2019

Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine

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Cardiac sarcoidosis usually occurs in the context of systemic disease; however, isolated cardiac involvement can occur in up to 25% of cases and tends to be clinically silent. When symptoms are present, they are often nonspecific and occasionally fatal, representing a diagnostic challenge. A high index of clinical suspicion and the integration of appropriate imaging, laboratory, and pathologic findings is always required. Treatment aims to control the systemic inflammatory condition while preventing further cardiac damage. However, even with adequate diagnosis and treatment strategies, prognosis remains poor. We describe the case of a patient who presented with cardiac symptoms, whose initial examination was unrevealing. Diagnosis was made retrospectively based on later systemic manifestations that revealed characteristic sarcoidosis findings.

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