Cardiac rehabilitation in African Americans: Evidence for poorer outcomes compared with whites, especially in women and diabetic participants

Effect of Chronic Kidney Disease and Supplemental Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Use on Exercise Levels During Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

“…In addition, the same exercise device was not used for each patient for each MET level. However, our previously reported investigations without stress tests 25,46 concur qualitatively with other studies using formal treadmill exercise testing. 47,48 Finally, we did not evaluate muscle function, which may be adversely affected in patients with CKD.…”

Preventing and Experiencing Ischemic Heart Disease as a Woman: State of the Science

“…110 and current referral rates remain severely suboptimal with a greater disparity in referrals for women as compared with men (31.1% vs 42.2%, p<0.0001) 117 , with the lowest referral rates in minority women. 110,112–114 …”

“…112 Another study demonstrated that although African Americans (n=169) significantly benefited from cardiac rehabilitation, they did not benefit to the same degree as their White counterparts (n=927). 114 They also concluded that women and diabetic patients had the least improvement after completing cardiac rehabilitation, but their improvements were significant. 114 Therefore, women with known IHD, regardless of age or race, benefit from referral to and completion of a cardiac rehabilitation program.…”

“…114 They also concluded that women and diabetic patients had the least improvement after completing cardiac rehabilitation, but their improvements were significant. 114 Therefore, women with known IHD, regardless of age or race, benefit from referral to and completion of a cardiac rehabilitation program. Interventions need to be developed that address the social constraints that prevent many women from benefitting from cardiac rehabilitation.…”

Exercise Self-efficacy Improvements During Cardiac Rehabilitation

“…Although Bandura7 proposed that self-efficacy is a universal concept, and that confidence building occurs independent of culture, cultural contexts inevitably influence health behaviors and decision-making such as undertaking continued exercise 34. Ethnic minorities more commonly experience environmental and familial factors that could hinder self-efficacy development and lead to poorer outcomes compared with their majority counterparts 35. These factors may include prioritizing work and family commitments, and having concerns around cost and exercise location distances 36.…”