“…A: This is 100% true. While there is a large body of evidence showing many relevant benefits of different modalities of exercise training (either alone or in combination with other lifestyle and/or behavioral interventions) for patients with coronary artery disease or heart failure, there are also recent observational studies showing that patients with other cardiovascular diseases -including valve or vascular patients 12 -could also benefit from exercise training. So, for a given patient with a specific cardiovascular disorder, the question would be how to prescribe the most appropriate, individualized exercise program, with a high benefit-risk ratio based on functional assessment results.…”