Cardiac Output and Postganglionic Sympathetic Activity during Acute Respiratory Alkalosis

Moster, Walter G.; Reier, Charles E.; Gardier, Robert W.; Hamelberg, William

doi:10.1097/00000542-196907000-00005

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…An indirect action of CO 2 is activation of the sympathetic nervous and adrenal systems. Sympathetic nerve activity varies, depending on PaCO 2 (29). In our study, blood pressure and cardiac output varied slightly, as compared with the changes in arterioles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Permissive range of hypercapnia for improved peripheral microcirculation and cardiac output in rabbits*

Komori

Takada

Tomizawa

et al. 2007

Critical Care Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Permissive range of hypercapnia for improved peripheral microcirculation and cardiac output in rabbits*

Komori

Takada

Tomizawa

et al. 2007

Critical Care Medicine

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“…These blood gas changes are not likely to have contributed to the CPAP induced increase in sympathetic activity, as hyperoxia is associated either with no change in muscle sympathetic nerve activity or with only a mild decrease,27 28 and hypocapnia is also likely to induce sympathetic inhibition 29…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short term effect of continuous positive airway pressure on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with chronic heart failure

Heindl

Dodt²,

Krahwinkel³

et al. 2001

Heart

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Objective-To test the hypothesis that the short term application of continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) increases muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with congestive heart failure. Setting-University hospital and tertiary referral centre. Patients-10 patients with congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association functional class III; mean (SEM) left ventricular ejection fraction 22 (1)%) and 10 healthy subjects matched for age, sex, and weight. Main outcome measurements-Muscle sympathetic nerve activity, assessed by microneurography of the peroneal nerve, blood pressure, heart rate, minute ventilation, transcutaneous oxygen saturation, and end tidal PCO 2 were measured during normal breathing, mask breathing, and CPAP at 5 and 10 cm H 2 O. Results-CPAP induced an increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in both the patients and the control subjects. In the patients, sympathetic nerve activity increased from 43 (14) bursts/min during mask breathing to 47 (13) bursts/min at CPAP 10 cm H 2 0 (p = 0.03); mean blood pressure increased from 80 (3) mm Hg to 86 (4) mm Hg (p < 0.001). Oxygen saturation improved during CPAP in the patients, from 95.7 (0.6)% to 96.6 (0.7)% (p = 0.004) and remained stable in the control group. There was no eVect of CPAP on minute ventilation or heart rate. Conclusions-In patients with congestive heart failure, short term CPAP elicits sympathetic activation, probably because of unloading of the aortic or cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. (Heart 2001;85:185-190)

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“…Depression of the cardiac function is observed mainly with respiratory and metabolic acidosis, whereas respiratory alkalosis, mediated by a SNS, interferes on blood pressure and cardiac arrhythmias. The latter are frequently found in metabolic alkalosis associated with hypokalemia [102]. …”

Section: Acid–base Abnormalities In Chfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid–base and electrolyte abnormalities in heart failure: pathophysiology and implications

2015

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Electrolyte and acid–base abnormalities are a frequent and potentially dangerous complication in subjects with congestive heart failure. This may be due either to the pathophysiological alterations present in the heart failure state leading to neurohumoral activation (stimulation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, sympathoadrenergic stimulation), or to the adverse events of therapy with diuretics, cardiac glycosides, and ACE inhibitors. Subjects with heart failure may show hyponatremia, magnesium, and potassium deficiencies; the latter two play a pivotal role in the development of cardiac arrhythmias. The early identification of these alterations and the knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms are very useful for the management of these patients.

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Cardiac Output and Postganglionic Sympathetic Activity during Acute Respiratory Alkalosis

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Permissive range of hypercapnia for improved peripheral microcirculation and cardiac output in rabbits*

Permissive range of hypercapnia for improved peripheral microcirculation and cardiac output in rabbits*

Short term effect of continuous positive airway pressure on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with chronic heart failure

Acid–base and electrolyte abnormalities in heart failure: pathophysiology and implications

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