Cardiac myxoma shedding leads to lower extremity arterial embolism: A case report

Abstract

BACKGROUND Left cardiac myxoma (CM) is the most common benign tumor of primary cardiac tumors, but because of its special position caused by pathological physiology change, caused by the complications of the heavier, the surface is often accompanied by blood clots, once fall out, it causes peripheral vascular embolization, such as acute lower limb artery embolization, harmfulness is large, high morbidity, and easy to occur repeatedly. CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old male patient suddenly appeared numbness and weakness of the left lower limb and could not walk without obvious incentive. The patient was finally diagnosed as left CM complicated with acute lower limb arterial embolism after completing cardiac ultrasound, computer tomography angiography, and histopathological analysis, such as hematoxylin-eosin stain staining, immunohistochemistry and special staining including alcian blue staining and periodic acid schiff staining. Arterial thrombosis was removed successfully by femoral artery thrombectomy, postoperative numbness and weakness of the patient's left lower limb disappeared, skin temperature became warm, and dorsal foot artery pulsation was accessible. The patient was readmitted to the hospital 8 mo after discharge for left atrial mass resection, and was diagnosed as CM by postoperative histopathological examination. CONCLUSION Although CM is rare, it may be considered as the source of embolism in patients with acute limb ischemia. Repeated loss of thrombus on the tumor and its surface may lead to repeated embolism of peripheral vessels. Cardiac ultrasound is helpful for early diagnosis. Here, we use this case report to highlight left CM as an important cause of acute limb ischemia and to report our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of lower limb arterial embolism caused by CM detachment.

Observation of the effect of angiojet to treat acute lower extremity arterial embolization

“…Embolic disease is characterized by the presence of a foreign body (embolus) that partially or completely occludes the vascular lumen. Previously thought to be the cause of rheumatic heart disease, the majority of acute lower extremity arterial embolisms (60%) are now thought to be associated with atrial fibrillation or mural thrombosis after myocardial infarction and, rarely, an embolus from valvular growth or atrial myxoma[ 7 ]. Aneurysms may also produce emboli, so the abdomen and popliteal fossa should be palpated carefully, and atherosclerosis may also cause distal emboli upon plaque rupture[ 8 ].…”

Case of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Combination with Left Atrial Myxoma and Left Atriomegaly (Rare Clinical Case)

“…Dilation of left atrium (LA) is a factor that prevents the restoration of sinus rhythm and increases the risk of thromboembolic complications [2,5,6,7,8,9]. Joining of giant LA myxoma to this complex pathology further increases the risk of surgery [10,11,12,13,14]. Combination of all the factors determines the feasibility of a comprehensive reconstruction of the left parts of the heart during surgical correction.…”