Cardiac Measurements in Systole and Diastole

Gammill, Stephen L.; Krebs, Conrad; Meyers, Philip M.; Nice, Charles M.; Becker, H

doi:10.1148/10.1148/94.1.115

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…with the patient standing, PA and at 183 cm FFD. The difference of 2.1 cm between the mean values of standing PA inspiratory and supine AP expiratory films is well above the figure of 1.5 cm noted by Simon (1968) as the maximum normal systolic/diastolic difference in 98% of healthy individuals and of 1.3 cm obtained in 99% of healthy individuals by Gammill et al (1970). Similarly, the difference of 1.7 cm between conventional films and AP supine inspiratory films is also greater than these normal systolic/diastolic differences.…”

Section: Transverse Cardiac Diameter (Tcd)supporting

confidence: 49%

The pre-operative chest film in relation to post-operative management—some effects of different projection, posture and lung inflation

Harris¹

1980

BJR

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An essential feature in the assessment of chest films is the comparability of successive examinations. This is particularly important in post-operative care and there are several factors which make the conventional departmental chest film an inappropriate standard for assessment of post-operative chest films. Pre-operative chest films in patients undergoing cardiac surgery have, therefore, been taken in both upright and supine positions at full inspiration (total lung capacity) (TLC) and at resting expiration (functional residual capacity) (FRC) and then compared with those taken post-operatively. Significant differences in transverse cardiac diameter, cardio thoracic ratio, mediastinal width and vertical lung height were found in films taken with the patient supine, AP at inspiration or resting expiration, circumstances in which many chest films are taken in both post-operative and in intensive care patients. The taking of pre-operative films at lung volumes and in postures comparable with those occurring post-operatively is advocated.

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Section: Transverse Cardiac Diameter (Tcd)supporting

confidence: 49%

The pre-operative chest film in relation to post-operative management—some effects of different projection, posture and lung inflation

Harris¹

1980

BJR

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“…Literature in human medicine supports this assumption. The change in size of the heart during the cardiac cycle has been shown not to be clinically relevant, with cardio‐thoracic ratio changes being <2% between systole and diastole . Exclusion of the cardiac silhouette would seem to represent a more physiologic assessment of changes in lung expansion and would obviate any potential influence of systole and diastole on measurements obtained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoroscopic Estimation of Thoracic Dimensional Changes in Healthy Dogs

Chan

Johnson

Brown

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundCurrent methods available for assessing alterations in lung mechanics require sophisticated equipment and are of limited availability. A method that could assess lung area change with respiration might be a clinically useful surrogate for assessing lung compliance.ObjectiveTo use fluoroscopy to determine percent change in thoracic and lung areas in healthy dogs.AnimalsForty‐four client‐owned dogs with no evidence of respiratory disease.MethodsProspective study. Resting respiration was recorded fluoroscopically, and peak inspiratory and expiratory frames were captured for 3 typical respiratory cycles. The number of intrathoracic pixels in the entire thoracic cavity was measured for both inspiration and expiration, and the average percent change in intrathoracic area was determined for each dog. This process was repeated by a hemithorax measurement of lung area that excluded the mediastinum and cardiac silhouette. Proposed reference ranges (and 95% confidence intervals [CI]) were computed by a nonparametric percentile distribution.ResultsMedian percent change in thoracic dimension for the total thorax measurement was 12.5% (CI, 8.9–24.0%). Median percent change for the hemithorax measurement was significantly (P < 0.001) larger (20.8%, CI, 14.3–37.6%). Both measurement techniques were correlated with body weight but not with age, sex, thoracic conformation, body condition score (BCS), or breed.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFluoroscopy allows a noninvasive and repeatable measure of lung area changes during respiration that must be corrected for body weight. Additional studies in dogs with respiratory diseases are needed to determine its utility in detecting clinically useful alterations in lung area changes.

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“…When two separate films are used [5], the cardiac motion was inferred by comparing the size and volume of the heart between the two phases of the cardiac cycle. and great vessels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%