Cardiac malformations in the fetal alcohol syndrome

Sandor, George G.S.; Smith, David F.; MacLeod, Patrick

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(81)80842-6

Cited by 55 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This finding is in agreement with the observations of Jones et al [36] and Sandoret al [37], Of interest, the development of the cardiac primordium was not affected following treat ment with alcohol and caffeine. Because of the limited data available further studies are necessary to determine whether caffeine ameliorates the effects of ethanol on the developing heart.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Alcohol and Caffeine on Cultured Whole Rat Embryos

Fadel

Persaud²

1992

Cells Tissues Organs

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The direct effects of ethanol and caffeine on embryogenesis were investigated using the whole rat embryo culture system. Compared to control embryos, the crown-rump length, number of somites, branchial bars, and morphological score were significantly reduced in embryos exposed to ethanol, caffeine, or both substances. Development of the craniofacial region, cardiac primordium and forelimb was delayed following ethanol treatment. Compared to the controls, the anterior neuropore lagged in development following caffeine treatment; closure of the posterior neuropore was significantly delayed in each of the treatment groups. The optic and olfactory primordia were not affected. The results indicate that alcohol and caffeine independently affect the embryo, but when combined their effects were not potentiated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Alcohol and Caffeine on Cultured Whole Rat Embryos

Fadel

Persaud²

1992

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…Cardiac malformations exist in children with fetal alcohol syndrome (44,53) and animal models of prenatal alcohol exposure (43,57), and cardiac hypertrophy has been found in children with fetal alcohol syndrome (68). Prenatal ethanol exposure has been shown to cause ultrastructural abnormalities in cardiac muscle cells in mice (63) and a significant difference in left ventricular muscle width in male rats (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually dimorphic effects of maternal alcohol intake and adrenalectomy on left ventricular hypertrophy in rat offspring

Wilcoxon

Schwartz

Aird³

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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In humans, low birth weight and increased placental weight can be associated with cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Low birth weight and increased placental size are known to occur after fetal alcohol exposure or prenatal glucocorticoid administration. Thus the effects of removing the alcohol-induced increase in maternal corticosterone by maternal adrenalectomy on predictors of cardiovascular disease in adulthood were examined in rats. Alcohol exposure of dams during the last 2 wk of gestation resulted in significantly decreased fetal weight and increased placental weight on gestational day 21. Adult female, but not male, offspring of alcohol-consuming mothers exhibited left ventricular hypertrophy. Placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 (11β-HSD-2) mRNA levels, measured by Northern blot, were decreased in females but not males. Adrenalectomy of alcohol-consuming dams reversed the increase in placental weight and the decrease in female placental 11β-HSD-2 expression and eliminated the left ventricular hypertrophy of adult female offspring. These data suggest that alcohol-induced changes in placental 11β-HSD-2 mRNA levels and left ventricular weight are coupled in female offspring only and depend on maternal adrenal status.

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“…These findings are sim ilar to those seen in Oriental populations [63]. Patients with the fetal alcohol syndromc commonly have congenital cardiac malformations, e.g., atrial and ventricular septal defects and patent ductus arteriosus [64,65]. Fetal alcohol syndrome with ac companying congenital heart disease is un fortunately all too common among native Americans.…”

Section: Congenital Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 69%

Heart Disease in Native Americans

Alpert¹,

Goldberg²,

Taylor³

1991

Cardiology

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Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of death among native Americans. Ischemic heart disease has been relatively uncommon in the past, but this entity is rapidly becoming more frequent among Indians as a result of Western acculturation (Western high-fat diet, smoking, sedentary lifestyle). Hypertension remains a major problem in native American populations. Hypertension is often inadequately detected and treated in Indians. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are moderately common and apparently in decline among native Americans. Finally, the fetal alcohol syndrome with its accompanying cardiac malformations is all too common among North American Indians. The amount of information available concerning cardiovascular disease in native Americans is rather small. Considerably more attention should be paid to this area in the future.

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Cardiac malformations in the fetal alcohol syndrome

Cited by 55 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of Alcohol and Caffeine on Cultured Whole Rat Embryos

Effects of Alcohol and Caffeine on Cultured Whole Rat Embryos

Sexually dimorphic effects of maternal alcohol intake and adrenalectomy on left ventricular hypertrophy in rat offspring

Heart Disease in Native Americans

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