Cardiac Lesions in 30 Dogs Naturally Infected With <i>Leishmania infantum chagasi</i>

Rosa, Fernando Azadinho; Leite, J. H. A. C.; Braga, Eveline Tozzi; Moreira, Pâmela Rodrigues Reina; Baltazar, F. H.; Biondo, Alexander Welker; Padua, Pedro Pablo Martínez; Vasconcelos, Rosemeri de Oliveira; Camacho, Aparecido Antônio; Ferreira, Wagner Luis; Machado, G. F.; Marcondes, Mary

doi:10.1177/0300985813493914

Cited by 28 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Microscopic changes were present in at least one of the regions subject to histological analysis in 77.8% of the dogs studied, while other authors have described this finding in 100% of dogs with VL (Rosa et al, 2013). The inflammatory infiltrate was predominantly lymphohistioplasmacytic, similar to the findings described by Alves et al (2010), López-Peña et al (2009) and Silva et al (2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The inflammatory infiltrate was predominantly lymphohistioplasmacytic, similar to the findings described by Alves et al (2010), López-Peña et al (2009) and Silva et al (2009). Lymphocytic infiltration was observed in 22.2% of dogs in VLG, although other researchers have reported a higher prevalence of lymphocytic infiltration (Rosa et al, 2013). Although mild infiltrate is the most consistent finding, mild to moderate intensities were observed in dogs tested in the present study while other studies have reported intensities ranging from mild to moderate (Alves et al, 2010), moderate to severe (Silva et al, 2009), intense (López-Peña et al, 2009) and mild to intense (Rosa et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Lymphocytic infiltration was observed in 22.2% of dogs in VLG, although other researchers have reported a higher prevalence of lymphocytic infiltration (Rosa et al, 2013). Although mild infiltrate is the most consistent finding, mild to moderate intensities were observed in dogs tested in the present study while other studies have reported intensities ranging from mild to moderate (Alves et al, 2010), moderate to severe (Silva et al, 2009), intense (López-Peña et al, 2009) and mild to intense (Rosa et al, 2013). Likewise, there does not seem to be a consensus in the literature regarding the predominant location of the infiltrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…In the present study, no correlation was found between the intensity of the inflammation of the myocardial regions and the occurrence of episodes of sinus arrest or RSA. However, atrial myocarditis was already associated with sinus arrest (Woolley, 2007) and right atrium predisposal to more severe lymphocytic infiltration of dogs with VL was reported (Rosa et al, 2013). In this study, the regions used for histological evaluation of the atria of dogs from the VLG did not permit analysis of the sinus node.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Myocardial injury characterized by lymphocytic infiltration, necrosis and the presence of the amastigote form of the parasite in the myocardium were recently reported in dogs with VL, but were not associated with clinically relevant changes (Rosa et al, 2013). Reports of dogs with VL that show mononuclear myocarditis, necrotizing vasculitis and pericarditis (Silva et al, 2009;Alves et al, 2010), and increased activity of the serum biomarkers CK, CK-MB (Medeiros et al, 2011) and serum troponin I (cTnI) (Silvestrini et al, 2012) reinforce the hypothesis of cardiac injury associated with this parasite, but do not clarify the hypothesis of possible clinical consequences related to myocarditis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Clinical and histopathological features of myocarditis in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

Santos

Pascon

Pereira

et al. 2015

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a cosmopolitan parasitic zoonosis that can promote myocarditis and heart rate changes in canine and human hosts. Thus, histopathological aspects of the myocardium and clinical, hematological, biochemical, radiological and electrocardiographic data were evaluated in a group of 36 dogs naturally infected with VL (VLG) and compared to data from 15 non-infected dogs (CG=Control Group). A prevalence of asymptomatic dogs was present in the CG (100%) and polysymptomatic dogs in the VLG (66%). In addition, two dogs in the VLG demonstrated systolic murmurs in the mitral valve region: one with a II/VI intensity and the other with a III/VI intensity. The mean values of RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit were lower in dogs in VLG and were associated with higher values of total protein, total leukocytes, neutrophils, creatine kinase overall (CK) and the CK-MB fraction (CK-MB). The absence of radiographic changes was accompanied by a predominance of respiratory sinus arrhythmia associated with episodes of migratory pacemaker and sinus arrest in dogs in VLG (75%), sinus rhythm in dogs in CG (60%) and decreased P wave amplitude in VLG electrocardiography. Mononuclear cell infiltration was detected in the myocardium of 77,8% of dogs in GVL and classified primarily as mild multifocal lymphohistioplasmacytic. Amastigotes were detected in only one dog, which did not allow the association between myocarditis and parasitism, although the myocardial lesions that were found constitute irrefutable evidence of myocarditis in the VLG dogs, accompanied by lenient electrocardiographic changes compared to CG. Keywords: Electrocardiography, Leishmania sp., visceral leishmaniasis, dogs RESUMO A leishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma zoonose parasitária cosmopolita capaz de promover miocardite e alterações no ritmo cardíaco em cães e seres humanos. Dessa forma, os aspectos clínicos, hematimétricos, bioquímicos, radiográficos, eletrocardiográficos e histopatológicos do miocárdio foram avaliados em 36 cães naturalmente infectados com LV (GLV) e comparados a 15 cães não infectados (GC). Houve predomínio de cães assintomáticos no GC (100%) e polissintomáticos no GLV (66%). Dois cães do GLV apresentaram sopro sistólico de intensidade II/VI e III/VI, em região de foco mitral. Os valores médios de hemácia, hemoglobina e hematócrito foram inferiores nos cães do GLV, associados a maiores valores de proteína total, leucócitos totais, neutrófilos, creatinina quinase total (CK) e fração MB (CK-MB

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Clinical and histopathological features of myocarditis in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

Santos

Pascon

Pereira

et al. 2015

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapeutics

Lahmers¹

2019

Pharmacotherapeutics for Veterinary Dispensing

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Association of myocardial parasitic load with cardiac biomarkers and other selected variables in 10 dogs with advanced Canine Leishmaniasis

et al. 2021

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Background: The association between myocardial parasitic load (MPL) and cardiac biomarkers in Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL) has not been studied. Methods: Dogs with advanced CanL were prospectively recruited and were included if they were euthanised. Prior to euthanasia these variables were assessed: hematocrit, globulin, creatinine, N‐terminal‐pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), blood pressure, urine protein/creatinine ratio and echocardiographic parameters. A left ventricular (LV) sample was taken for histopathology and MPL evaluation by quantitative PCR. Correlation of MPL with all variables was analysed. Dogs with lower and higher histopathology scores were compared. Results: Ten dogs were included. NT‐proBNP was 6946 pmol/ (interquartile range [IQR] 3751–9268 pmol/L) and cTnI 4.56 ng/mL (IQR 0.46–13.1 ng/mL). In all dogs, echocardiography showed an increase in LV thickening, and histopathology revealed moderate to severe lympho‐plasmocytic myocarditis and/or myocardial cell degeneration. MPL was 215.53 parasites/gram (IQR 21.2–1372.63 parasites/gram). A strong correlation (p < 0.001; R = 0.90; R20.81) with cTnI was observed but correlation with any of the other variables or differences between the two histopathological scores, were not detected. Conclusions: MPL in dogs with advanced CanL shows variable but generally high levels. A strong association between MPL and cTnI was observed, which encourages the exploration of cTnI as a marker in CanL.

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Cardiac Lesions in 30 Dogs Naturally Infected With Leishmania infantum chagasi

Cited by 28 publications

References 6 publications

Clinical and histopathological features of myocarditis in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

Clinical and histopathological features of myocarditis in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapeutics

Association of myocardial parasitic load with cardiac biomarkers and other selected variables in 10 dogs with advanced Canine Leishmaniasis

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