Cardiac Involvement in Patients With Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Assessed at Two University Medical Centers in the Netherlands

Cardiac Sarcoid: A Clinician's Review on How to Approach the Patient With Cardiac Sarcoid

“…23 In a cohort of 16 patients with proven CS by revised Japanese Criteria, Smedema et al found 12 (75%) with LGE. 24 Cardiac magnetic resonance and 201-thallium single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) performed on 10 CS patients revealed abnormalities in 8 and 4 patients, respectively. 24 Smedema et al also imaged a small cohort of patients strongly suspected of CS and reported 100% sensitivity and 78% specificity of CMR in detection of the disease.…”

“…24 Cardiac magnetic resonance and 201-thallium single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) performed on 10 CS patients revealed abnormalities in 8 and 4 patients, respectively. 24 Smedema et al also imaged a small cohort of patients strongly suspected of CS and reported 100% sensitivity and 78% specificity of CMR in detection of the disease. 24, 25 Ohira et al found a CMR specificity of 76.9% compared with 38.5% for fludeoxyglucose (FDG; 18F) positron-emission tomography (PET), but both techniques had comparable sensitivities.…”

“…24 Smedema et al also imaged a small cohort of patients strongly suspected of CS and reported 100% sensitivity and 78% specificity of CMR in detection of the disease. 24, 25 Ohira et al found a CMR specificity of 76.9% compared with 38.5% for fludeoxyglucose (FDG; 18F) positron-emission tomography (PET), but both techniques had comparable sensitivities. 21 Cheong et al showed in a cohort of 31 patients with systemic sarcoidosis 8 patients with LGE on CMR, but none were formally diagnosed with CS by the revised Japanese guidelines.…”

Joint SNMMI–ASNC expert consensus document on the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in cardiac sarcoid detection and therapy monitoring

“…17,18 Depending on the type and extent of involvement, CS can present as conduction abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, systolic and diastolic heart failure, or valvular disorders, which may be related to papillary muscle involvement. [19][20][21][22][23][24] Sarcoidosis of the pericardium can present as a pericardial effusion with or without hemodynamic instability. 25,26 Myocardial ischemia and infarction due to coronary artery involvement have also been described but are rare, 27 and myocardial fibrosis due to CS itself typically occurs in a nonvascular distribution and in some cases is the only evidence of prior active CS.…”

Deterioration of Cardiac Function during the Progression of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Diagnosis and Treatment

“…The most frequent cardiac manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) include conduction disturbances and arrhythmias, sudden death and congestive heart failure (CHF), the latter being reported in up to 30% of affected patients (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Increased awareness, early medical treatment, the use of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy with ICD (CRTD) are changing the causes of death in CS patients, with CHF becoming the most common cause.…”