Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Response to Three Types of Exercise in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Neuropathy

Piralaiy, Elaheh; Siahkuhian, Marefat; Nikookheslat, Saeed; Pescatello, Linda S.; Sheikhalizadeh, Mahboub; Khani, Mostafa

doi:10.1007/s40200-021-00889-x

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…For the influence of exercise duration on T2DM, we classified these nine studies into three groups: immediate effects of exercise within 60 min, short-term effects spanning 2-3 months, and long-term effects exceeding 4 months. Four studies, comprising nine subgroups, were categorized under the immediate group [21,22,28,29]; two studies, with four subgroups, were classified under the short-term group [23,24]; and three studies, representing four subgroups, were allocated to the long-term group [25,30,31]. In the present study, we categorized these articles into three groups: immediate effects of exercise within 60 min, short-term effects spanning 2-3 months, and long-term effects exceeding 4 months.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors were contacted to seek clarification on any ambiguous data regarding the methods used to assess parasympathetic activity, such as RMSSD, and evaluate sympathetic activity, such as detecting the LF/HF ratio, during the data extraction process. The studies, published between 2003 and 2024, included five randomized designs [21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summary of the meta-analysis on the effect of training exercises on RMSSD in T2DM. [[22][23][24]28,29,31]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise Effects on Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients over Time: A Meta-Regression Study

Chiang,

Kao

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Background: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially in patients with long-term, poorly controlled diabetes. This study investigates the effects of exercise on autonomic nervous system activity in T2DM patients over time. Methods: A literature review using MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and PubMed identified studies assessed via heart rate variability. Papers were categorized into three groups: immediate effects (within 60 min), short-term effects (2–3 months), and long-term effects (over 4 months). Results: Nine articles with 161 T2DM patients were included in the meta-analysis. RMSSD changes after exercise were −4.3 (p = 0.227), 8.14 (p < 0.001), and 4.17 (p = 0.002) for the immediate, short-term, and long-term groups, respectively. LF/HF ratio changes were 0.21 (p = 0.264), −3.04 (p = 0.102), and −0.05 (p = 0.006) for the respective groups. Meta-regression indicated age, male gender, and exercise duration were associated with increased RMSSD, with coefficients of 2.36 (p = 0.001), 13.76 (p = 0.008), and 1.50 (p = 0.007), respectively. Age positively correlated with the LF/HF ratio, with a coefficient of 0.049 (p = 0.048). Conclusions: Regular exercise (≥3 times per week) for over 2 months increases parasympathetic activity in T2DM patients, while sympathetic activity decreases significantly after 4 months. Further study is needed to validate these findings.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise Effects on Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients over Time: A Meta-Regression Study

Chiang,

Kao

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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“…Pagkalos et al [ 30 ] showed that a 6-month aerobic and resistance exercise training program, at 70–85% of the HRmax, can significantly improve most HRV indices and increase the sympathovagal balance of DM-2 patients with CAN. Regardless of the exercise type, a 3-month exercise program, 3–5 times per week, was found to improve HRV indices by enhancing the vagal nerve activity and reducing the sympathetic activity in patients with Type 2 Diabetic Neuropathy [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Home-Based Exercise Training on Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and Metabolic Profile in Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients

Michou

Liakopoulos

Roumeliotis

et al. 2023

Life

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Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a home-based exercise training program on Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) and metabolic profile in Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Method: Twenty-eight DKD patients undergoing hemodialysis were randomly assigned into two groups. The exercise (EX) group followed a 6-month combined exercise training program at home, while the control (CO) group remained untrained. All participants at baseline and the end of the study underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), biochemical tests for glucose and lipid profile, and 24-h electrocardiographic monitoring for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and heart rate turbulence (HRT). Results: At the end of the study, compared to the CO, the EX group showed a significant increase in serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 27.7% (p = 0.01), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) by 9.3% (p < 0.05), the standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN) by 34.3% (p = 0.03), percentage of successive RR intervals higher than 50ms (pNN50) by 51.1% (p = 0.02), turbulence slope (TS) index by 18.4% (p = 0.01), and decrease in (glycated hemoglobin) HbA1c by 12.5% (p = 0.04) and low-frequency power LF (ms2) by 29.7% (p = 0.01). Linear regression analysis after training showed that VO2peak was correlated with SDNN (r = 0.55, p = 0.03) and HF (r = 0.72, p = 0.02). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the improvement of sympathovagal balance and aerobic capacity depended on patients’ participation in exercise training. Conclusion: In conclusion, a 6-month home-based mixed-type exercise program can improve cardiac autonomic function and metabolic profile in DKD patients on HD.

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Aerobic exercise training improves memory function through modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and synaptic proteins in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of type 2 diabetic rats

Sadri,

Nikookheslat,

Karimi

et al. 2023

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Response to Three Types of Exercise in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Neuropathy

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Exercise Effects on Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients over Time: A Meta-Regression Study

Exercise Effects on Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients over Time: A Meta-Regression Study

Effects of Home-Based Exercise Training on Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and Metabolic Profile in Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients

Aerobic exercise training improves memory function through modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and synaptic proteins in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of type 2 diabetic rats

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