Card-Based Cryptographic Protocols with Malicious Players Using Private Operations

Manabe, Yoshitsugu; Ono, Hibiki

doi:10.1007/s00354-021-00148-w

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 61 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…† † There are studies to prevent and detect malicious behaviors using additional tools or introducing a player who monitors the operations (See, e.g., [16]- [18]). 𝑛 is not a generalized protocol of MAJ W 3 in the sense that MAJ A 3 is not equivalent to MAJ W 3 and actually does not work well (See Section 3.2.2 for details).…”

Section: ]mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computationally Efficient Card-Based Majority Voting Protocol with Fewer Cards in the Private Model

Abe

Nakai

Watanabe

et al. 2023

IEICE Trans. Fundamentals

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Card-based cryptography realizes secure multiparty computation using physical cards. In 2018, Watanabe et al. proposed a cardbased three-input majority voting protocol using three cards. In a card-based cryptographic protocol with 𝑛-bit inputs, it is known that a protocol using shuffles requires at least 2𝑛 cards. In contrast, as Watanabe et al.'s protocol, a protocol using private permutations can be constructed with fewer cards than the lower bounds above. Moreover, an 𝑛-input protocol using private permutations would not even require 𝑛 cards in principle since a private permutation depending on an input can represent the input without using additional cards. However, there are only a few protocols with fewer than 𝑛 cards. Recently, Abe et al. extended Watanabe et al.'s protocol and proposed an 𝑛-input majority voting protocol with 𝑛 cards and 𝑛 + ⌊𝑛/2⌋ + 1 private permutations. This paper proposes an 𝑛-input majority voting protocol with ⌈𝑛/2⌉ + 1 cards and 2𝑛 − 1 private permutations, which is also obtained by extending Watanabe et al.'s protocol. Compared with Abe et al.'s protocol, although the number of private permutations increases by about 𝑛/2, the number of cards is reduced by about 𝑛/2. In addition, unlike Abe et al.'s protocol, our protocol includes Watanabe et al.'s protocol as a special case where 𝑛 = 3.

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Section: ]mentioning

confidence: 99%