Carcinoma of the Vulva in Pregnancy: A Rare Occurrence

Sivanesaratnam, V.; Pathmanathan, R

doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1990.tb00227.x

Cited by 5 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Among these, breast cancer is the most frequent [53]. Gynecological cancers, such as carcinomas of the uterine cervix, ovary, vulva and fallopian tube also appear, with incidences of 0.24 to 0.45 [49,54], 0.05 [55], 0.005 [56] and 0.005 [49] per 1000 pregnancies, respectively. This occurrence has increased over the last thirty years [12].…”

Section: Cancer During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Gynecological Cancer on Reproductive Issues and Pregnancy:Psychological Implications

Canavarro¹,

Pires²

2011

CWHR

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Gynecological cancer is the fourth most common form of cancer among women. Over the past few decades, the growing number of survivors has been forced to cope with the consequences of the disease. Of these consequences, the impact of cancer on reproduction has been receiving increasing attention. Research shows that the health care of these women poses challenges other than medical ones. Although the inclusion of psychologists in health care teams has been particularly valued, studies focusing on the psychological implications of the impact of gynecological cancer on reproduction are scarce. Therefore, the first aim of this review is to critically reflect on the psychological implications of infertility, decision-making regarding childbirth, and pregnancy in the context of gynecological cancer. The second purpose of this review is to provide practice guidelines that account for the specificities and demands of these patients. Our findings suggest that gynecological cancer entails specific emotional and decisional challenges regarding reproductive issues, highlighting the importance of specialized psychological interventions with patients and their families. Providing emotional support and education about sexual and reproductive difficulties, supporting decision-making about fertility preservation and childbirth, promoting adjustment to cancer during pregnancy and supporting transition to motherhood are the main areas of intervention suggested. A 2 multidisciplinary treatment approach also seems to be essential, and the role of psychological teams can be particularly important because these professionals may enlighten and encourage skills in other health care providers.

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Section: Cancer During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Gynecological Cancer on Reproductive Issues and Pregnancy:Psychological Implications

Canavarro¹,

Pires²

2011

CWHR

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“…The patients' age range at presentation was 17-41 years (mean 30 years) (Table 1). The majority of cases was diagnosed in the United States (15 cases) [18,23,27,[29][30][31][35][36][37]40,41], 12 in Europe (5 United Kingdom, 3 France, 2 Germany, 1 Belgium, 1 Holland) [11][12][13]17,20,22,24,26,33,38,39], 6 in Asia (1 Iran, 1 Nepal, 1 Turkey, 1 Malaysia, 1 Saudi Arabia) [14,16,19,21,32,34], 2 in Australia [28] and 2 in Africa (1 Congo, 1 Nigeria) [15,25]. Eight patients were black [15,25,27,29,31,36,41], 6 were white/Caucasian [13,17,22,30,31,40], and 6 were of different Asian races [14,16,21,…”

Section: Age and Racementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, the anterior/upper part of the vulva was involved in 22/37 (60%) cases [13,14,19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]34,36,38,39], and the posterior/lower portion in 10/37 (27%) cases [18,20,25,28,31,35,36,41] (Table 1, Table S1). Nine lesions were centered in the median anterior/upper (6 cases) [21,26,30,32,38] or median posterior/lower (3 cases) [18,35] part of the vulva, extending bilaterally. One case seemed confined to the mid vulvar part [36].…”

Section: Primary Tumor (T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One case seemed confined to the mid vulvar part [36]. The clitoris/periclitoral area was infiltrated in 14/37 (38%) cases [13,19,21,23,24,26,28,[30][31][32]34,38,39], labium majus in 18/37 (49%) cases [13,15,[19][20][21][22][23]29,[31][32][33][34]36,37,40,41], labium minus in 11/37 (30%) cases [13,14,17,20,21,24,27,28,36], the posterior fourchette in 3 (8%) cases [18,20,28]. Unilateral [14,15,17,19,20,[22][23][24]…”

Section: Primary Tumor (T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of vulvar lesions ranged from 0.3 to 15 cm (mean 3.6 cm) . VSCCs were described as raised (5 cases) [18,22,24,31,41], verrucous/exophytic/papillary/proliferative/fungating (11 cases) [17,20,21,25,28,32,[34][35][36]40], nodular (2 cases) [15,24], solid (1 case) [20], firm plaque/flat (2 case) [22,36], ulcerated (18 cases) [13,14,17,[20][21][22][26][27][28][29][30]33,35,36,[38][39][40], bleeding (1 case) [15], necrotic (3 cases) [20,21,26], painful (4 cases) [17,23,24,27], pigmented (1 case) [18], or abscess-like (1 case) [31].…”

Section: Primary Tumor (T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Can We Treat Vulvar Carcinoma in Pregnancy? A Systematic Review of the Literature

Palicelli

Giaccherini

Zanelli

et al. 2021

Cancers

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According to our systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines), only 37 vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCCs) were diagnosed during pregnancy (age range: 17–41 years). The tumor size range was 0.3–15 cm. The treatment was performed after (14/37, 38%), before (10/37, 27%), or before-and-after delivery (11/37, 30%). We found that 21/37 (57%) cases were stage I, 2 II (5%), 11 III (30%), and 3 IVB (8%). HPV-related features (condylomas/warts; HPV infection; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) were reported in 11/37 (30%) cases. We also found that 9/37 (24%) patients had inflammatory conditions (lichen sclerosus/planus, psoriasis, chronic dermatitis). The time-to-recurrence/progression (12/37, 32%) ranged from 0 to 36 (mean 9) months. Eight women died of disease (22%) 2.5–48 months after diagnosis, 2 (5%) were alive with disease, and 23 (62%) were disease-free at the end of follow-up. Pregnant patients must be followed-up. Even if they are small, newly arising vulvar lesions should be biopsied, especially in women with risk factors (HPV, dermatosis, etc.). The treatment of VSCCs diagnosed in late third trimester might be delayed until postpartum. Elective cesarean section may prevent vulvar wound dehiscence. In the few reported cases, pregnancy/fetal outcomes seemed to not be affected by invasive treatments during pregnancy. However, clinicians must be careful; larger cohorts should define the best treatment. Definite guidelines are lacking, so a multidisciplinary approach and discussion with patients are mandatory.

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Premalignant and Malignant Tumors of the Vulva

Wilkinson¹

1994

Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract

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Carcinoma of the Vulva in Pregnancy: A Rare Occurrence

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

The Impact of Gynecological Cancer on Reproductive Issues and Pregnancy:Psychological Implications

The Impact of Gynecological Cancer on Reproductive Issues and Pregnancy:Psychological Implications

How Can We Treat Vulvar Carcinoma in Pregnancy? A Systematic Review of the Literature

Premalignant and Malignant Tumors of the Vulva

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