Carcinoma of the male breast: A thirty year experience and literature review

Roswit, Bernard; Edlis, Herbert

doi:10.1016/0360-3016(78)90201-8

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Nonetheless, of 91 male breast cancers treated in our institution over that same period, 9% presented with a chief complaint of ND. As such, although ND of the male breast is uncommon, it is a symptom that warrants further evaluation due to its strong association with underlying malignancy (2,5,13,15,16,18,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, unlike female breast cancer, the rarity of male breast cancer in the general population fails to provide support for the general use of screening mammography; thus, disease in men is often diagnosed at a later stage. Published series of male breast cancer have consistently reported long median time intervals between onset of symptoms and diagnosis (range, 4–18 months) (10–14), and have correlated prolonged duration of symptoms with decreased survival (13,14). Such delays in diagnosis are likely contributed to by a lack of awareness of the risk of male breast cancer, and as such, there has been little change in outcomes for male patients over the last 25 years (15).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Significance of Nipple Discharge of the Male Breast

Morrogh

King

2009

The Breast Journal

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Although male breast cancer typically presents as a palpable mass, failure to recognize the significance of other symptoms may lead to a delay in diagnosis. Here we present our experience with male patients presenting with a chief complaint of nipple discharge (ND). Using the ICD-9 code for "breast symptoms," we identified 2,319 patients without a current cancer diagnosis who presented to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center for evaluation; 24 (1%) patients were male (1995-2005). Data were collected by retrospective review. Among 24 male patients presenting for evaluation, 14 (58%) presented with a chief complaint of ND, while the remaining 10 (42%) presented for evaluation of a palpable mass in the absence of ND. Among 14 patients presenting with ND, subsequent clinical breast examination identified a breast mass +/- nipple changes in 7 of 14 patients. In total, 8 of 14 (57%) patients had an underlying malignancy; two of seven patients with ND alone had DCIS (median interval from onset of ND to presentation 3 weeks, range 2-4 weeks), and six of seven patients with ND and a palpable mass had invasive disease (median interval between onset of ND and presentation 16 weeks, range 2-52). The remaining 10/24 patients presented with a painless palpable mass of whom 8 (80%) were found to have underlying invasive disease (median interval between onset of mass, and presentation was 4 weeks, range 2-20 weeks). All patients with invasive disease were node-positive. At 23.7 months median follow-up (range, 7.7-88.3 months), 14 of 16 cancer patients remain free of disease and two have died as a direct result of metastatic disease. The incidence of cancer among males presenting with ND was 57%. In the absence of additional clinical findings, ND may be a herald for early, non-invasive disease. Increased awareness of subtle features of malignancy may represent a window of opportunity for early diagnosis and improved outcomes for male breast cancer patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%