Carcinoma of the Lung

Wilkins, Earle W.; Sweet, Richard H.

doi:10.1056/nejm195702212560805

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…If only the lower tracheal and carinal lymph nodes are involved by tumour, the primary along with its metastases can sometimes be removed; but this is unlikely. The prognosis for patients with disease as extensive as this is always worse whether or not resection is carried out (Johnson, 1960;Wilkins and Sweet, 1957;Barrie, 1952). In any event, preliminary mediastinal exploration in those patients with apparent central spread enables the surgeon to decide whether formal thoracotomy offers a chance of cure without subjecting the remainder of these patients to a fruitless major procedure.…”

Section: Correlation Between Mediastinal Involvement and Unresectabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediastinal biopsy for indeterminate chest lesions.

Chandor¹,

Stemmer²,

Calvin³

et al. 1966

Thorax

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Section: Correlation Between Mediastinal Involvement and Unresectabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediastinal biopsy for indeterminate chest lesions.

Chandor¹,

Stemmer²,

Calvin³

et al. 1966

Thorax

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“…

Since the malignant potential of solitary pulmonary nodules was first emphasized,1-3 a number of papers have inferred the same dismal prognosis for bronchogenic carcinoma presenting as a solitary nodule as for bronchogenic carcinoma in general.4-7 Thereby the value of roentgen survey in the early detection of pulmonary carcinoma has been questioned as well.Recently survival rates much better than those usually attributed to bronchogenic carcinoma [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] have been recorded 16-26 for the malignant solitary nodule.During the period of January, 1952, to January, 1957, a total of 46 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma manifested as a solitary pulmonary nodule were treated by us. The results of the experience with this small group of patients emphasizes several facets in the management of this form of carcinoma.

In this group of patients there was the usual sex ratio and age distribution.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently survival rates much better than those usually attributed to bronchogenic carcinoma [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] have been recorded [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] for the malignant solitary nodule.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Malignant Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Follow-Up Study

O’Connor¹,

Lepley²,

Weisel³

et al. 1963

Arch Surg

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Addison's Disease and Diabetes Insipidus

Ribaudo¹

1958

Arch Intern Med

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The metastatic involvement of both adrenal glands with complete replacement by neoplasm, resulting in Addison's disease, is recognized as a most unusual if not rare occurrence.'16 The first well-documented cases in the American literature were reported by Butterly and his associates,l in 1952; Wallach and Scharfman,2 in 1952, and Sahagian-Edwards and Holland,3 in 1954 Masters 5 also reported a case of Addison's disease produced by metastasis from gastric carcinoma.Metastatic carcinoma to the pituitary gland involving both the anterior and posterior lobes and the hypothalamus, resulting in diabetes insipidus, is exceedingly rare."-8The survival of a patient 10 years after pneumonectomy for primary bronchogenic carcinoma, although not infrequently reported, remains an unusual occurrence.'0-'4 In personal communications Watson 1 stated he had four cases of 10-year survival, and in one of them a second primary lung cancer developed which was nonresectable. Overholt 13 reported a five-year cure rate of 19% and a 10-year cure rate of 16% following pneumonectomy. In other statistical studies the five-year survival rates are presented as ranging from 20% to 38%,15-18 but no figures are presented as indicative of 10-year survival rates.It is considered of interest to add another fully documented case of adrenal insufficiency secondary to metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma to those already reported. none of the previously reported cases did this syndrome occur in a case of bronchogenic carcinoma that survived 10 years after pulmonary resection. Diabetes insipidus with Addison's disease secondary to metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma has never been reported.The frequency of adrenal involvement in bronchogenic carcinoma has been reported by many observers to range from 30% to 45%.2,3,6,19 In the report of Sahagian-Edwards and Holland,3 there was a total of 354 cases of secondary carcinoma of the adrenal gland in 9582 autopsies. The commonest origin was the bronchus in 42%, and the female breast was next in frequency, with 34%. Bilateral adrenal metastasis occurred in 144 of the 354 cases, and, of these, 78 instances were in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Of the 144 cases with bilateral adrenal metastasis, 4 patients revealed recognizable adrenal insufficiency during life. In each instance the primary was bronchogenic carcinoma. Graham 19 very aptly stated that there is not even a theoretical explanation for the finding of metastasis to one or both adrenal glands at autopsy in cases of bronchogenic carcinoma.To find cerebral metastasis in bronchogenic carcinoma is not unusual. Knights 7 found primary bronchogenic carcinoma in males and primary breast carcinoma in females to be the commonest to metastasize to the brain. Of 109 cases of pulmonary carcinoma in his report, the brain was examined in 27 cases. Cerebral metastasis was noted in 14% of the 27 cases, but no reference was made to involvement of the pituitary or the hypothalamus. Willis 6

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Carcinoma of the Lung

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Mediastinal biopsy for indeterminate chest lesions.

Mediastinal biopsy for indeterminate chest lesions.

The Malignant Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Follow-Up Study

Addison's Disease and Diabetes Insipidus

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