Carcinoma of the gallbladder

Wanebo, Harold J.; Vezeridis, Michael P.

doi:10.1002/jso.2930530536

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Carcinoma of the GB occurs more commonly in the elderly age group but can affect ages between 4th and 5th decade and has a female preponderance [15]. This has been documented in the present series also as the male to female ratio was 1:3.4 and median age was 52 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Cytologic diagnosis of gallbladder lesions — A study of 150 cases

et al. 2010

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Aims and objectives Gallbladder (GB) carcinoma is among the five most common forms of gastrointestinal cancers and the diagnosis is usually made when the carcinoma is already in an advanced stage. The aim of this study was to assess the application of ultrasound (US) guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) in diagnosing GB carcinoma. Material and methodsThe present study was carried out on 150 patients suspected to have GB carcinoma on ultrasonography. US-guided FNA from GB was done in these patients and FNA of the other organs was simultaneously done in 20 patients. Histopathology of the GB was available in 14 cases.Results Ultrasonography in these patients revealed mass/ thickening of the wall of GB in 140 (93.3%) cases and nonspecific US findings in 10 (6.7%). Out of the 140 cases malignancy was cytologically diagnosed in 105 (75%) cases while 12 (8.5%) cases were inflammatory and 23 (16.5%) were inconclusive. Adenocarcinoma was the most common morphologic type. Metastatic tumor deposits were noted in FNA from space occupying lesions of the liver in 12 cases, abdominal lymph nodes in 5 cases, and 1 case each of supraclavicular lymph node, stomach and bilateral ovaries. Of the 10 cases with non-specific US findings, 3 had carcinoma and 7 were inconclusive on cytologic examination.Conclusion US guided FNA provides a rapid and reliable diagnosis in cases of GB carcinoma.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Cytologic diagnosis of gallbladder lesions — A study of 150 cases

et al. 2010

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“…Direct extension of the tumor through the gallbladder wall into the adjacent liver is common. In 34-89% of patients with gallbladder carcinoma, such an invasion into the liver has been suggested [29,32]. Most micrometastases were seen in an area of 15-27 mm [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…It remains unclear whether a wedge resection with a margin of 2 cm [6] to 3 cm [30] has the same prognosis as an anatomic resection of segments IVb/V. Micrometastases [31] and direct extension of the tumor through the gallbladder wall into the liver [29,32] are reasons for these two kinds of liver resection techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequate extent in radical re-resection of incidental gallbladder carcinoma: analysis of the German Registry

2010

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“…In a previous report, 1% of patients undergoing operation of symptomatic cholelithiasis are incidentally diagnosed with gallbladder carcinoma [11]. The pathogenic mechanism whereby gallstones are related to gallbladder carcinoma is yet to be established.…”

Section: Cholecystitis and Malignant Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Carcinogenesis of malignant lesions of the gall bladder

Tazuma

Kajiyama

2001

Langenbeck's Arch Surg

110

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Gallbladder carcinoma is an uncommon but highly malignant tumor with a poor 5-year survival rate. The presence of gallstones is a well-established risk factor for gallbladder carcinoma, and the risk seems to correlate with stone size. Metaplastic changes of the gallbladder epithelium present in chronic cholecystitis may be a premalignant lesion. Solitary polyps with a size of greater than 1 cm are recognized as a predisposing factor for gallbladder carcinoma when their characteristics are echopenic, sessile, and high cell density. Endoscopic ultrasound is the most useful technique to detect the early changes of malignancy in polyps. Anomalous junction of pancreaticobiliary ducts (AJPBD) without a choledochal cyst and porcelain gallbladder is an additional risk factor for gallbladder malignancy. At the molecular level, it has been proposed that chronic inflammation of the gallbladder may lead to the loss of p53 gene heterozygosity and excessive expression of p53 protein. Furthermore, a proposed mechanism underlying the high risk of gallbladder carcinoma in patients with AJPBD is that chronic reflux of pancreatic juice causes intestinal metaplasia, hyperplasia, and dysplasia with the mutation of p53 and K-ras. In contrast, the causal relationship between porcelain gallbladder and malignancy is yet to be established. In this article, recognition of risk factors for gallbladder carcinoma was summarized with special attention to gallstones and chronic inflammation.

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Carcinoma of the gallbladder

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Cytologic diagnosis of gallbladder lesions — A study of 150 cases

Cytologic diagnosis of gallbladder lesions — A study of 150 cases

Adequate extent in radical re-resection of incidental gallbladder carcinoma: analysis of the German Registry

Carcinogenesis of malignant lesions of the gall bladder

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