Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: Pathologic analysis of 73 cases

Carcinosarcoma ex Non-Recurrent Pleomorphic Adenoma Composed of TTF-1 Positive Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Myofibrosarcoma: Apropos a Rare Case

“…This is undoubtedly strong evidence for not only ''atypia'', but frank malignant transformation (where these changes were most pronounced). This is in line with previous reports that emphasize stromal hyalinization as an ominous sign, frequently accompanying (early) malignant transformation of PA [6,[23][24][25][26]. However, notwithstanding the fact that we could not observe any histomorphological transformation from the hyalinized areas to either the high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomatous or sarcomatous components, the atypical clear cell/hyalinized areas merged with areas of tumor necrosis.…”

“…The rarity of CS in salivary glands is highlighted by the fact that in sizeable series on Ca ex PA, only a few examples of CS have been documented. For example, in a recent series on 41 cases of Ca ex PA, only 2 cases (5 %) were labeled as CS [5], in a series comprising 73 cases, 1 case (1.4 %) was diagnosed as sarcomatoid carcinoma [6] and in the series by Katabi et al [7] of 43 cases of Ca ex Pa, 1 case (2.3 %) was a CS. Surprisingly, in a recent review on Ca ex PA, the occurrence of CS in this setting was not mentioned at all [8].…”

Sinonasal Tract and Nasopharyngeal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Clinicopathologic and Immunophenotypic Study of 86 Cases

“…The English literature contains many case reports, small series, and a few larger series, all of which focus on a particular feature. Specifically, the series often present all salivary gland tumor types together [39,40,57,67,89,91,97,99,106,[120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127], encompass all head and head anatomic sites, describe adenoid cystic carcinoma only but in all sites [5, 6, 12, 17, 22, 31, 32, 35, 39, 47, 50, 52, 57, 59, 66, 73, 75, 76, 87, 91-93, 98, 100, 101, 106, 112, 113, 117, 128-130], or only one subsite but all tumors combined. Many small series focus on the radiographic findings alone [36, 62, 88, 96, 99, 108-110, 112, 117, 131-134], or specifically address a particular therapy (radiation) [8,20,24,25,33,54,63,66,69,86,92,95,111] for all tumor types of a particular anatomic site.…”

Invasive salivary duct carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: a teaching case giving rise to the genuine diagnostic difficulty on an inadequate cytology specimen

“…In fact, Ca ex PA can be asymptomatic as most of them are not widely invasive on gross findings and often have similar clinical presentations as PA, however, patients with Ca ex PA have a poor prognosis due to infiltrative and destructive behavior, and thus, early and accurate diagnosis and aggressive surgical treatment (i.e., total or radical parotidectomy) can increase their survival rates [1-5]. Although any form of carcinoma can be observed and also be a mixture of subtypes, the malignant component of Ca ex PA is most often adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS), and sometimes, may be salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), undifferentiated carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, or mucoepidermoid carcinoma [1,2,4,6]. While, WHO states that its component is most frequently a poorly differentiated carcinoma, e.g., SDC or adenocarcinoma, NOS, or an undifferentiated carcinoma [3].…”

“…By contrast, Simpson RHW et al described that the majority of them arise de novo (as in the breast) probably from a pure in situ carcinoma [13]. Similar to Ca ex PA, aggressive clinical management in the early stage of SDC appears to be the only hope for good prognosis [5,6,8-11]. Thus, it is critical to establish an accurate preoperative diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration cytology, however, previous studies have indicated the difficulty of correct characterization of Ca ex PA and/or SDC due to sampling errors or inadequateness and misinterpretation [14,15].…”