Carcinoma arising in the cyst of the liver report of three cases

Abstract

A generally recognized concept dictates that surgical intervention for non-parasitic cysts of the liver is mostly palliative such as aspiration of the content, suture and closure, internal or external drainage, marsupialization, and unroofing of the cyst, while total excision of the entire cyst, which sometimes necessitates hepatic resection, is not usually recommended.3, 6, 9 The results of these lesser procedures have been acceptable, favoring those conservative procedures. This paper presents three cases with carcinoma arising in the cysts of the liver. Review of the present cases with five comparable cases appearing in the literature revealed that young female population and left lobe of the liver are frequently involved. Hence the general trend for palliative procedures should be reassessed. Possible malignancy should be considered when a patient belongs to this category, the cystic content is not clear, or the cystic wall presents irregular texture with nodules. The carcinomatous changes would have been of higher incidence than reported if the entire cysts had been more carefully examined.

Invasive biliary mucinous cystic neoplasm: a review

“…The content is most frequently viscous and yellowish in colour 66 . Dark red and blood‐stained aspirate is a commonly described variant and debate continues about its significance and possible prognostic implications, but in general it is considered concerning for malignancy 17,67 . Buetow et al .…”

“…Survival data based on the few patients who proceeded to liver transplant suggest outcomes equivalent to those in patients who undergo transplant for other primary liver tumours 77 . The prognosis in recurrent disease with salvage chemotherapy treatment has been detailed for only a few patients 2,67 …”

A case of biliary cystadenocarcinoma with malignant seeding of the tract after percutaneous catheter drainage

“…Several cases of peritoneal carcinomatosis secondary to imprudent biopsy of the BCAC have been reported in the literature (10)(11)(12). PCD was performed in some patients with BCAC (13-15), either as drainage alone for relief of pain (15) or in combination with systemic chemotherapy and radiation (13) or infusion of 5-fluorouracil into the cyst (14). To date, no follow-up data were available from these patients.…”

Surgical Management of Nonparasitic Cysts of the Liver: Report of 17 Cases

“…Fifteen cases have been reported with malignant de generation, histologically subdivided into: 6 squamous cell carcinomas; 8 adenocarcinomas, and 1 adenosqua mous carcinoma [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], Pliskin et al [17] emphasized the role of squamous metaplasia as an important predis posing factor for squamous cell carcinoma. Malignant degeneration is a rare complication, but it is the most threatening and decides the type of treatment.…”

“…Since the cytology of the cyst fluid is usually negative, detailed examination and biopsy of suspicious nodules on the cyst wall at operation are the only way of establishing the diagnosis [13].…”