Carcinogenesis induced by space radiation: A systematic review

Guo, Zi Hao; Zhou, Guangming; Hu, Wentao

doi:10.1016/j.neo.2022.100828

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…As astronauts press deeper into space beyond LEO, there is an increased risk of exposure to different forms of radiation [ 92 , 108 , 109 ]. Such radiation can result in damage to multiple physiologic systems, resulting in an increased risk for cancer, cardiovascular disease, central nervous system alterations, and others [ 73 , 108 , 109 , 110 ]. In addition, for long-term flights with the intent to colonize places such as Mars, radiation could also negatively impact the ovaries and sperm of astronauts [ 111 ].…”

Section: Additional Risks Of Space Flight Into Deep Space and Living ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Homo sapiens—A Species Not Designed for Space Flight: Health Risks in Low Earth Orbit and Beyond, Including Potential Risks When Traveling beyond the Geomagnetic Field of Earth

Hart

2023

Life

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Homo sapiens and their predecessors evolved in the context of the boundary conditions of Earth, including a 1 g gravity and a geomagnetic field (GMF). These variables, plus others, led to complex organisms that evolved under a defined set of conditions and define how humans will respond to space flight, a circumstance that could not have been anticipated by evolution. Over the past ~60 years, space flight and living in low Earth orbit (LEO) have revealed that astronauts are impacted to varying degrees by such new environments. In addition, it has been noted that astronauts are quite heterogeneous in their response patterns, indicating that such variation is either silent if one remained on Earth, or the heterogeneity unknowingly contributes to disease development during aging or in response to insults. With the planned mission to deep space, humans will now be exposed to further risks from radiation when traveling beyond the influence of the GMF, as well as other potential risks that are associated with the actual loss of the GMF on the astronauts, their microbiomes, and growing food sources. Experimental studies with model systems have revealed that hypogravity conditions can influence a variety biological and physiological systems, and thus the loss of the GMF may have unanticipated consequences to astronauts’ systems, such as those that are electrical in nature (i.e., the cardiovascular system and central neural systems). As astronauts have been shown to be heterogeneous in their responses to LEO, they may require personalized countermeasures, while others may not be good candidates for deep-space missions if effective countermeasures cannot be developed for long-duration missions. This review will discuss several of the physiological and neural systems that are affected and how the emerging variables may influence astronaut health and functioning.

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Section: Additional Risks Of Space Flight Into Deep Space and Living ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Homo sapiens—A Species Not Designed for Space Flight: Health Risks in Low Earth Orbit and Beyond, Including Potential Risks When Traveling beyond the Geomagnetic Field of Earth

Hart

2023

Life

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“…Ionizing radiation is used to treat cancer [ 1 , 2 ], but is also a carcinogen [ 3 , 4 ]. Alongside that, there has been mounting interest not only in radiotherapy for non-cancer diseases [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], but also the non-cancer effects of radiation exposure that occur at doses or dose rates much lower than previously suggested or considered [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer and Non-Cancer Effects Following Ionizing Irradiation

Hamada

2024

Cancers

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On the one hand, ionizing radiation has been used to treat not only cancer, but also non-cancer diseases. On the other hand, associations with radiation exposure have increasingly been reported not only for cancer, but also non-cancer diseases, both at doses or dose rates much lower than previously suggested or considered. This underscores the need for considering both cancer and non-cancer effects of medical (diagnostic or therapeutic), occupational or environmental exposure to radiation. As such, this Special Issue aims to serve as a forum to gather the latest developments and discuss future prospects in the field of normal tissue responses to radiation exposure. The Special Issue is composed of 18 articles outlining the radiation effects arising in various tissues (e.g., those in the circulatory, sensory, nervous, respiratory, and reproductive systems).

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“…Heavy ions, which account for only 1% of the total mass, belong to high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, which can seriously damage human cells, tissues, and organs. Shielding against GCR is very difficult, and ordinary physical shielding methods cannot achieve effectively protect astronauts ( Guo et al, 2022 ). Whereas SPEs are mostly protons with energies ranging from 10 MeV to 100 MeV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term space missions’ effects on the human organism: what we do know and what requires further research

Tomsia,

Cieśla,

Śmieszek

et al. 2024

Front. Physiol.

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Space has always fascinated people. Many years have passed since the first spaceflight, and in addition to the enormous technological progress, the level of understanding of human physiology in space is also increasing. The presented paper aims to summarize the recent research findings on the influence of the space environment (microgravity, pressure differences, cosmic radiation, etc.) on the human body systems during short-term and long-term space missions. The review also presents the biggest challenges and problems that must be solved in order to extend safely the time of human stay in space. In the era of increasing engineering capabilities, plans to colonize other planets, and the growing interest in commercial space flights, the most topical issues of modern medicine seems to be understanding the effects of long-term stay in space, and finding solutions to minimize the harmful effects of the space environment on the human body.

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Carcinogenesis induced by space radiation: A systematic review

Cited by 18 publications

References 109 publications

Homo sapiens—A Species Not Designed for Space Flight: Health Risks in Low Earth Orbit and Beyond, Including Potential Risks When Traveling beyond the Geomagnetic Field of Earth

Homo sapiens—A Species Not Designed for Space Flight: Health Risks in Low Earth Orbit and Beyond, Including Potential Risks When Traveling beyond the Geomagnetic Field of Earth

Cancer and Non-Cancer Effects Following Ionizing Irradiation

Long-term space missions’ effects on the human organism: what we do know and what requires further research

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