Carcinoembryonic Antigen

Sikorska, Hanna; Fuks, Abraham; Gold, Phil

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0401-5_4

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 238 publications

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“…Therefore these tumor markers are of little use for specific diagnosis or as screening tools. Nevertheless, the monitoring of these serum parameters is the best non-invasive technique for postoperative detection of recurrence (review in Sikorska et al, 1992;Lamerz, 1992). Serum components which could be exploited to serve as prognostic markers for colorectal carcinoma are presently unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Significance of tenascin serum level as tumor marker in primary colorectal carcinoma

Riedl

Bodenmüller

Hinz

et al. 1995

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Tenascin serum levels were evaluated in 118 patients with primary colorectal carcinoma and in a control group of 51 healthy persons in a double-sided sandwich ELISA. The data were correlated with post-operative TNM-staging. Patients with colorectal carcinomas had significantly higher serum levels of tenascin than the control group. At the 95% level of specificity, sensitivity was 25%. Tumor grading obviously had no influence on the level of tenascin in serum. With increasing pT-category, tenascin levels increased as well. In patients with distant metastatic disease, serum tenascin levels were significantly higher than in patients without distant metastases. These data suggest that, in colorectal carcinoma, the preoperative level of serum tenasin reflects the total tumor burden and correlates with metastatic disease. Our observation warrants a prospective study of the relevance of tenascin serum levels with regard to prognosis and as an indicator of relapse.

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confidence: 99%

Significance of tenascin serum level as tumor marker in primary colorectal carcinoma

Riedl

Bodenmüller

Hinz

et al. 1995

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…The nonmammalian enzyme can metabolically activate a nontoxic prodrug to a cytotoxic anabolite. Ifthe tissue-specific regulatory sequences are from a tumor-associated marker gene such as the carcinoembryonic antigen gene (5,6), the prostate-specific antigen gene (7,8), or the a-fetoprotein gene (9,10), then the artificial chimeric gene will result in tumor-specific expression of the nonmammalian enzyme and, consequently, in tumor-specific production of the cytotoxic metabolite.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism of 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil in human colorectal tumor cells transduced with the cytosine deaminase gene: significant antitumor effects when only a small percentage of tumor cells express cytosine deaminase.

Huber

Austin

Richards

et al. 1994

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

379

245

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The gene encoding cytosine deaminase (CD) has been expressed in the human colorectal carcinoma cell line WiDr. Metabolism studies confirm that tumor cells expressing CD convert the very nontoxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5FCyt) to 5-fluorouracil (5FUra) and 5FUra metabolites. Tumor xenografts composed of CD-expressing cells can selectively generate tumor levels of >400 iAM 5FUra when the host mouse is dosed with nontoxic levels of 5FCyt. The selective metabolic conversion of 5FCyt to 5FUra in CD-expressing tumor cells results in the inhibition of thymidylate synthase and incorporation of 5FUra into RNA. 5FUra is also liberated into the surrounding environment when CD-expressing tumor cells are treated with 5FCyt. The liberated 5FUra is able to kill neighboring, non-CD-expressing tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.Most importantly, when only 2% of the tumor mass contains CD-expressing cells (98% non-CD-expressing cells), significant regresions in all tumors are observed when the host mouse is dosed with nontoxic levels of 5FCyt.We have previously reported our efforts to develop a therapeutic approach using gene transfer technology for the treatment of primary and metastatic tumors (1-4). This approach, virus-directed enzyme/prodrug therapy, exploits transcriptional differences between normal and neoplastic cells to selectively kill cancer cells. An artificial chimeric gene is created that is composed of tissue-specific transcriptional regulatory sequences linked to the coding domain of a nonmammalian enzyme. The nonmammalian enzyme can metabolically activate a nontoxic prodrug to a cytotoxic anabolite. Ifthe tissue-specific regulatory sequences are from a tumor-associated marker gene such as the carcinoembryonic antigen gene (5, 6), the prostate-specific antigen gene (7,8), or the a-fetoprotein gene (9, 10), then the artificial chimeric gene will result in tumor-specific expression of the nonmammalian enzyme and, consequently, in tumor-specific production of the cytotoxic metabolite.A critical issue influencing the therapeutic benefit of this approach will be the efficiency of gene transfer into a solid tumor. However, the efficacy of this gene therapy approach is dependent not only on the efficiency of gene transfer but also on the enzyme/prodrug system. Various enzyme/prodrug systems have been reported (1)(2)(3)(11)(12)(13)(14). A prodrug that is metabolically converted into a toxic anabolite that is not readily diffusible from one tumor cell into another will require very high gene transfer efficiency. However, if the toxic anabolite is readily diffusible, then the efficiency of gene transfer into the tumor mass may be quite low but still be able to achieve a significant therapeutic effect. Cells were lysed by freeze-thawing and centrifuged for 10 min at 8000 x g. The conditioned medium and the cell extract supernatant were evaporated to dryness, dissolved in deionized water (1 ml for medium; 100 !A for extract). Aliquots (20 1.l) of each sample were analyzed by HPLC on a Partisphere C18 column (4.6 mm x...

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“…Indeed, CEACAM6 is part of a family that includes members which are used routinely in clinical pathology to assess tumor specimens and inform disease prognosis and treatment. [67][68][69] CEACAM6 itself is deemed of potential value as a prognosis marker in different types of cancers. 33,34,38,40,41 Notably, measuring blood CEACAM6 transcript abundance is considered of potential value for the early detection of colorectal cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the potential relevance of CEACAM6 as a blood transcriptional biomarker

Rinchai,

Chaussabel

2024

F1000Res

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Background Changes in blood transcript abundance levels have been associated with pathogenesis in a wide range of diseases. While next generation sequencing technology can measure transcript abundance on a genome-wide scale, downstream clinical applications often require small sets of genes to be selected for inclusion in targeted panels. Here we set out to gather information from the literature and transcriptome datasets that would help researchers determine whether to include the gene CEACAM6 in such panels. Methods We employed a workflow to systematically retrieve, structure, and aggregate information derived from both the literature and public transcriptome datasets. It consisted of profiling the CEACAM6 literature to identify major diseases associated with this candidate gene and establish its relevance as a biomarker. Accessing blood transcriptome datasets identified additional instances where CEACAM6 transcript levels differ in cases vs controls. Finally, the information retrieved throughout this process was captured in a structured format and aggregated in interactive circle packing plots. Results Although it is not routinely used clinically, the relevance of CEACAM6 as a biomarker has already been well established in the cancer field, where it has invariably been found to be associated with poor prognosis. Focusing on the blood transcriptome literature, we found studies reporting elevated levels of CEACAM6 abundance across a wide range of pathologies, especially diseases where inflammation plays a dominant role, such as asthma, psoriasis, or Parkinson’s disease. The screening of public blood transcriptome datasets completed this picture, showing higher abundance levels in patients with infectious diseases caused by viral and bacterial pathogens. Conclusions Targeted assays measuring CEACAM6 transcript abundance in blood may be of potential utility for the management of patients with diseases presenting with systemic inflammation and for the management of patients with cancer, where the assay could potentially be run both on blood and tumor tissues.

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Carcinoembryonic Antigen

Cited by 6 publications

References 238 publications

Significance of tenascin serum level as tumor marker in primary colorectal carcinoma

Significance of tenascin serum level as tumor marker in primary colorectal carcinoma

Metabolism of 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil in human colorectal tumor cells transduced with the cytosine deaminase gene: significant antitumor effects when only a small percentage of tumor cells express cytosine deaminase.

Assessing the potential relevance of CEACAM6 as a blood transcriptional biomarker

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