Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) as a Template for Laccase-Assisted Oxidation of Aniline

Abstract

Polyaniline (PANi) is a conducting polymer which has been subject of intensive research on the exploitation of new products and applications. The main aim of the work is the development of a conductive bacterial cellulose (BC)-based material by enzymaticassisted polymerization of aniline. For this, we study the role of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a template for the in situ polymerization of aniline. Bacterial cellulose was used as the supporting material for the entrapment of CMC and for the in situ oxidation reactions. The amount of CMC entrapped inside BC was optimized as well as the conditions for laccase-assisted oxidation of aniline. The new oligomers were evaluated by spectrometric techniques, namely 1 H NMR and MALDI-TOF, and the functionalized BC surfaces were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and reflectance spectrophotometry. The conductivity of the developed materials was evaluated using the four-probe methodology. The oligomers obtained after reaction in the presence of CMC as template display a similar structure as when the reaction is conducted only in BC. Though, after oxidation in the presence of this template, the amount of oligomers entrapped inside BC/CMC is considerably higher conferring to the material greater electrical conductivity and coloration. The use of CMC as a template for aniline oxidation on BC seems to be a promising and cheap strategy to improve the yield of functionalization and increment the properties of the materials, namely electrical conductivity and coloration.

Electrical and mechanical properties of self-supported hydroxypropyl methylcellulose–polyaniline conducting films

“…The detection of longer polymers could not be identified since they can be entrapped inside the PVP with high molecular weight (MW = 360 000) and therefore, it is not accessible for detection. 23…”

“…The detection of longer polymers could not be identied since they can be entrapped inside the PVP with high molecular weight (MW = 360 000) and therefore, it is not accessible for detection. 23 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-PANI lms were prepared by simple mixing of the aqueous solutions of PANI and HPMC, followed by drying. The lms were self-supported and showed green color and they seem homogeneous in appearance to the naked eye (Fig.…”

Carboxymethylcellulose reinforced starch films and rapid detection of spoiled beverages

“…The absorption peaks at 1,597 cm −1 and 1,327 cm −1 corresponded to carboxylate asymmetric stretching (Mansur et al, 2017), the absorption peak at 996 cm −1 corresponded to the stretching vibration absorption peak of C-O in C-O-C, and the absorption peak near 853 cm −1 corresponded to the C-C skeleton vibration (Zhang et al, 2013). In pure CS films, the peaks at 1,660-1725 cm −1 were attributed to the -OH bending vibration of water in the starch molecule (Ren et al, 2017;Shim et al, 2020). Analysis of Figure 6B shows that the two composite film materials exhibited new peaks at 1,656 cm −1 and 1,597 cm −1 , indicating the formation of hydrogen bonds between CMC and starch and the introduction of carboxylic acid group derivatives (ester groups).…”

Effects of the modification of bacterial cellulose as a template for the in situ enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of catechol

“…investigated laccase-catalyzed polymerization of aniline onto BC using various additives for preparing conductive BC. 9–11…”

“…Particularly, conductive polymers have been reported to enhance the performance of BC composites owing to the interactions between the reactive groups of the polymers and BC. 11–16…”