Carboxylesterases, Importance for Detoxification of Organophosphorus Anticholinesterases and Trichothecenes

Fonnum, Frode; Sterri, Sigrun H.; Aas, Pål; Johnsen, Hanne

doi:10.1093/toxsci/5.6part2.29

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…There are multiple forms of CaE in the liver (Junge and Krisch, 1975;Morgan et al, 1994) and plasma (Tsujita and Okuda, 1983). CaEs are also substratespecific (Tsujita and Okuda, 1983;Stem et al, 1985a,b;Fonnum et al, 1985;Shirai et al, 1985). In the majority of our experiments, we have defined CaE using PNPA as a substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Since that time, many groups have investigated the possible role of CaE in antiChE toxicity. It is now clear that CaE is capable of altering the toxicity profile of many nerve agents (Clement, 1984a,b;Fonnum et al, 1985;Gupta and Dettbarn, 1987;Jimmerson et al, 1989;Purshottam and Srivastava, 1989;Clement and Erhardt, 1990;Maxwell, 1992aMaxwell, , 1987a and some anticholinesterase pesticides (e.g., Gupta and Kadel, 1989;Chambers et al, 1990;Gupta and Dettbarn, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tissue-Specific Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Carboxylesterase and Cholinesterase Activity in Adult Rats: An in Vitro and in Vivo Comparison

et al. 1997

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-Specific Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Carboxylesterase and Cholinesterase Activity in Adult Rats: An in Vitro and in Vivo Comparison

et al. 1997

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“…3 dropwise at room temperature under argon. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collected eluent was lyophilized to afford a white fluffy powder. 3 was added dropwise benzyl bromide (23.06gm, 134.83mmole) at room temperature, and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. After 18hrs, the reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Phosphorus Based Haptens for Monoclonal Catalytic Antibody Production. Phase 2.

Liu¹,

Tuladhar²

1995

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buold em eng fo r this coiiectiof Of info atMol is stimated to average i hOur h er reswt m se. inuding th tne tar mviewni inmtn-cons, lrcn•N existing data bu gatten ang mruntainog the data neede, and CoMnMng and revWng the Col-ection of in'•rmavtiO. e€iM cOmieM rtgarding this burden estimate or any Other asMect of this cooection of information. includin s estggi•to for 0!tuon9l this burdim. to wamniton 4eadlauartert Servies. Direcolat tot inforiatmn Owerataons and Regorts. 1215 Jefferson Davs Hmkjhway. Sute 1204. Arinqto. VA 22202-4302. and to the Office of Management and buadgeL Pagerwok Retducton Proect (0704.0 is). Washngton. DC 20503.

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“…To resolve this anomaly, Fonnum ct al. [8] studied CaE isozymes in various species to underline the role of species-specific CaE in soman toxicity in PB-untreated rats. In this paper, we have assessed the role of liver microsomal enzymes, particularly carboxylesterases, in soman toxicity by using some specific inducers and inhibitors of these en zymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Carboxylesterase in Protection against Soman Toxicity

Purshottam¹,

Srivastava²

1989

Pharmacology

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Rats were injected intraperitoneally with phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylchol-anthrene (MC) which are microsomal enzyme inducers, and methyl iodide (Mel), cobalt chloride (COCI₂) and tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) which are inhibitors of the enzymes glutathione transferase, cytochrome (cyt) P-450 and carboxylesterase, respectively, and then challenged with soman (i.p.) to know its LD₅₀. Pretreatment with PB and MC increased and TOCP decreased, whereas Mel as well as COCI₂ did not alter the LD50 value of soman in rats. The ½LD₅₀ dose of soman did not affect the liver microsomal cyt P-450 level, but significantly lowered carboxylesterase (CaE) and cholinesterase (ChE) activities in liver microsomes and in blood plasma. Induction of plasma CaE was more important than microsomal CaE in PB-mediated protection against soman toxicity. Gel filtration of plasma into four protein fractions for their relative soman binding capacity showed that a high-molecular-weight protein fraction (180,000 daltons on SDS-PAGE) which had no CaE activity could bind soman 6 times more than the low-molecular-weight CaE-containing protein fraction (60,000 daltons on SDS-PAGE).

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Carboxylesterases, Importance for Detoxification of Organophosphorus Anticholinesterases and Trichothecenes

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Tissue-Specific Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Carboxylesterase and Cholinesterase Activity in Adult Rats: An in Vitro and in Vivo Comparison

Tissue-Specific Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Carboxylesterase and Cholinesterase Activity in Adult Rats: An in Vitro and in Vivo Comparison

Synthesis of Phosphorus Based Haptens for Monoclonal Catalytic Antibody Production. Phase 2.

Role of Carboxylesterase in Protection against Soman Toxicity

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