Carboxylate-terminated double-hydrophilic block copolymer as an effective and environmental inhibitor in cooling water systems

Dynamic synergistic scale inhibition performance of IA/SAS/SHP copolymer with magnetic field and electrostatic field

“…For controlling the dosage of scale inhibitor to reduce the cost of industrial circulating water treatment and in response to environmental guidelines of avoiding the water pollution [24], we attempt to combine this IA/SAS/SHP copolymer with electrostatic field and magnetic field. It is the first time that the dynamic synergistic scale inhibition of scale inhibitor with electrostatic field and magnetic field is reported and applied on industrial circulating water treatment.…”

Carboxylic acids: effective inhibitors for calcium sulfate precipitation?

“…Among additives fulfilling many of the above requirements are carboxylic acids (Hasson et al, 2011;Cao et al, 2014). To date, studies that have tested the effects of carboxylic acids on calcium sulfate precipitation have primarily evaluated changes in precipitation onset or the effect of high temperatures (Prisciandaro et al, 2005;Senthilmurugan et al, 2010;Ling et al, 2012;Amjad and Koutsoukos, 2014). Missing is a mechanistic understanding of the effects of variable concentrations of carboxylic acid and/or various carboxylic acid moieties.…”

Performance of inhibitors on CaCO3 scale deposition in stainless steel & copper pipe surface

“…High levels of phosphonates are becoming increasingly restricted in terms of release to the environment. As a result phosphorous free and less toxic scale inhibitors such as polyacrylates and derivatives of polycarboxylic acid and various maleic and sulfonic acid homo-and co-polymers are gaining importance [10][11][12][13]. Anti-scalants based on polycarboxylic acid also have the additional advantage of having dispersion properties with regard to calcium carbonate.…”