Carbonylation of methanol in supercritical CO2 catalysed by a supported rhodium complex

Abstract

A rhodium complex supported on polyvinylpyrrolidone catalyses the carbonylation of methanol to methyl ethanoate and ethanoic acid in supercritical CO 2 at rates up to ca. 50% those in liquid solution but with minimal catalyst leaching.

Hydroformylation reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide using insoluble metal complexes

“…6 Another approach has been to use supported catalysts 7-10 and to flow the reagents dissolved in scCO 2 over the catalyst bed, 7-9 or to remove the products by flushing with scCO 2 at the reaction temperature and pressure. 10 High throughput of the substrate is possible and leaching is minimal.…”

Homogeneous catalysis using supercritical fluids: Recent trends and systems studied

“…(h) By using an inverted biphasic system in which the catalyst preferentially partitions into a SCF while the product preferentially partitions into a liquid that is immiscible with the SCF [79][80][81][82]. (i) By attaching the catalyst to a solid polymer or other solid support [83][84][85][86][87][88].…”

Enzymatic reactions in supercritical CO2: carboxylation, asymmetric reduction and esterification

“…An increasing number of chemical CO 2 fixation reactions [54 -61] has been reported, especially using supercritical CO 2 , such as the synthesis of urethane [54], dimethyl carbonate [55], styrene carbonate [56], and methyl ethanoate [57]. On the other hand, biocatalysis is now one of the most powerful and indispensable tools for organic synthesis due to its environmental friendliness and excellent enantio-, regioand chemoselectivities [62][63][64][65][66].…”