Carbonization Process of Water Hyacinth as an Alternative Renewable Energy Material for Biomass Cook Stoves Applications

Inertization of metals and hydrogen production as a byproduct from water hyacinth and water lettuce via plasma pyrolysis

“…In contrast, the structure of cellulose can be detected because of its non-amorphous structure. Thereby, the peaks detected from the XRD represent the cellulose ( Maulina et al., 2019 ). The presence of carbon is also explained by the results of elemental analyzer, where percentages of C in water hyacinth and water lettuce were 36.20 ± 0.014 wt % and 33.60 ± 0.127 wt %, respectively ( Table 1 ).…”

Nanosilver Immobilized in Carbonaceous Particles Derived from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Eleusine indica Leaf Extract

“…The peak at 1647 cm -1 was associated with the C=O stretching vibration of the carboxylic group [39]. Peaks at 1566 [40], 1411 and 1384 cm -1 [20] could be attributed to the C=C stretching of the aromatic group. These reported functional groups were associated with the present metabolites in the aqueous Eleusine indica extract.…”

Preparation and application of carboxylated and mechanically attrited carbon for adsorptive removal of crystal violet dye

“…In addition, the WH-C was dried in an oven at 100 °C until the bulk was uniform. 25 A thermocouple (DIGI-SENSE Model 20250-19) was used to measure the carbonizer's surface temperature. Carbonized materials were extracted at a rate of 45.24 g min −1 on average (452.4 grams in 10 minutes).…”

“…24 Pyrolysis method was used for carbonization of the water hyacinth. 25 To produce carbon from water hyacinth, a carbonization procedure was carried out in a furnace at 500 °C for 60 minutes (WH-C). Furthermore, the carbon derived from water hyacinth (WH-C) was chemically activated with a 1 : 3 NaOH (25 wt%) in an activator (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).…”

“…24 The prepared carbon is hereafter referred to as activated carbon from water hyacinth (WH-AC). 25 Fig. 1 Molecular structure of CV.…”