Carbonization of biomass: Effect of additives on alkali metals residue, SO 2 and NO emission of chars during combustion

Qi, Jianhui; Han, Kuihua; Wang, Qian; Gao, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.109

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…As can be seen, the tar conversion efficiency for SDC catalyst is 31%, higher than no catalyst. That was contributed by its porous structure for better adsorbility of light tar compounds to inner active sites of char, including AAEMs, nitrogen, or oxygen groups, which were favourable for free radicals generation to enhance lighter liquid products . The tar conversion efficiency with different catalysts yielded to an order of RHC < Im‐SDC5 < De‐SDC5 < Im‐SDC10 < De‐SDC10, suggesting nickel was of high activity for breaking C─C and C─H bonds, thus promoting aromatic hydrocarbon destruction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of preparation method of char supported metallic Ni catalysts on the catalytic performance for reforming of biomass tar

Zhang

2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary The char‐supported nickel catalysts prepared by wet impregnation and precipitation‐deposition methods under different nickel loadings and catalytic temperatures for catalytic reforming of rice husk tar were investigated. The influences of preparation methods on the physicochemical properties of catalysts and catalytic activity towards tar conversion and gas yield were studied. The results showed that char‐supported metallic Ni catalysts can be directly used without a reduction process because of carbon thermal reaction during calcination. The preparation method had a significant influence on the porosity and Ni dispersion of catalysts. The addition of Ni to char improved the specific surface area from 60 m2 g−1 to 346.8 m2 g−1 because of activation effect of nickel nitrate on char pore structure. The precipitation‐deposition method produced higher surface area, smaller Ni nanoparticulates with more corner and step sites, as well as more concentrated size distribution than those of wet impregnation method, leading to higher catalytic activity, in terms of high tar conversion efficiency (83%) and increasing syngas yield. The selectivity to phenols and naphthalene for precipitation‐deposited catalysts was strengthened, and the relative content of heavy tars was decreased remarkably. The increasing H2 yield and concentration were indicative of efficient conversion of macromolecular organic matters into small molecules gases. In addition, the precipitation‐deposited catalyst exhibited weaker Ni sintering after reaction. The catalytic cracking temperature of 800°C and Ni loading of 10 wt% exhibited the best catalytic effects on gas distribution and tar conversion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of preparation method of char supported metallic Ni catalysts on the catalytic performance for reforming of biomass tar

Zhang

2019

Int J Energy Res

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“…The testing range of the SO 2 is from 1 ppm to 100 ppm with an output frequency of 30 data points per minute. Detailed introduction of the test rig was available in previous studies [11,23,24]. In each batch, the alundum crucible containing a powder sample of 100.0(5) mg or one briquette (weighing 100.0(5) mg) for the combustion experiment.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biomass is a source of renewable energy [1,2], which can divide into various types such as herbaceous plants [3], woody plants [4], aquatic plants [5], manures [6], municipal solid waste [7], organic waste/residue [8]. Generally, biomass can convert into three main types of product-electricity, heat energy and transportable fuel [9][10][11]. In China, as reported by the Medium and Long Term Development Plan for Renewable Energy Resources [12], the biomass resource consists of 37% crop straw, 43% wood waste and 20% other organic waste or residue, equal to about 500 million tonnes of standard coal per year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For crop straws especially, which have lower energy density than the standard coal, upgrading is much needed. Torrefaction is a thermal pre-treatment process for upgrading biomass that heats the biomass at a temperature range of 200°C to 300°C in an inert atmosphere [11]. Carbonisation is a thermal process for obtaining highly fragrant refractory solid matter in an inert atmosphere [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combustion Characteristics, Kinetics, SO2 and NO Release of Low-Grade Biomass Materials and Briquettes

Wang

et al. 2021

Energies

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The influence of the briquetting process on SO2 and NO release characteristics, combustion properties and kinetic characteristics during biomass combustion was investigated. Two biomass (Wheat straw and Tree bulk) and two obtained briquettes were analysed. The briquetting process helps to prevent the release of SO2 and NO. The experimental results show that once the biomass is made into a briquette, when the reaction temperature is 900 ∘C, the sulphur release ratio for TB was reduced from 34.7% to 4.3% and for WS was reduced from 12.4% to 1.6%. When the reaction temperature increases to 1000 ∘C, the sulphur release ratio for TB was reduced from 73.4% to 30.4%, for WS it was reduced from 58.4% to 10.2%. SEM micrographs show that the compact structure of the TB-Briquette and WS-Briquette reduce the rate of SO2 and NO release during combustion. The thermogravimetry confirmed that the combustion performance of WS-Briquette is the best, while the TB-Briquette is the worst. According to the Coats-Redfern method, the fitting was performed at segments of 250 ∘C to 550 ∘C, and the correlation coefficient of the fitting degree was above 0.99. The effective collision rate of WS-Briquette is much higher than that of other briquettes. Compared to BR-1 and BR-2, trying to mix TB with WS to make a compound biomass briquette can enhance the combustion performance of TB-Briquette. The results may guide the upgrading of biomass briquettes technology and benefit the efficient application of biomass briquettes.

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“…The additives CaCO3 and CaO reduce the total emission rate (3.8% to 10.1%) when burnt with raw and carbonized biomass, which is much lower than that of brown coal combustion (33.5% to 37.7%) (Liao et al 2015). With the exception of environmental and ash sintering prevention advantages Qi et al 2017), the additives should also improve combustion properties, such as by shrinking the activation energy of fuel (Roy et al 2018). At present, most reports have focused on the co-combustion of sludge-coal (Lin et al 2017;Zhang et al 2017) or biomass-coal (Gil et al 2010;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-combustion interactions between teak sawdust and sewage sludge with additives

Peng

Chen

2019

BioRes

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The thermal characteristics and kinetics of teak sawdust (TS), sewage sludge (SS), and their blends were evaluated during combustion by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The samples were prepared as pure fuel, TS and SS; blends, where TS was mixed with SS at the ratios of 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75; and as fuels with additives, where the fuels above were mixed with activated carbon (AC), CaO, MgO, and ZnO individually at a proportion of 5 wt%. Some characteristic values of combustion were evaluated, such as Ti, Tb, and Mf, and the combustion behaviors of the fuels were compared. The difference between measurement and weighted calculation of the weight left proportion (∆M), weight loss rate (∆DTG), and activation energy (∆E) were introduced for analysis. Blending with teak sawdust improved the combustion performance of sewage sludge. As the content of the sewage sludge increased, the pre-exponential factor varied from 1.76 x 105 s-1(100T) to 1.01 x 101 s-1(100S), while the global activation energy decreased from 74 kJ/mol (100T) to 38 kJ/mol (100S). Sewage sludge burned more completely when blended with teak sawdust at ratios of greater than 50 wt%. All four additives inhibited the oxidation of the blends around the ignition point.

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Carbonization of biomass: Effect of additives on alkali metals residue, SO 2 and NO emission of chars during combustion

Cited by 38 publications

References 62 publications

The influence of preparation method of char supported metallic Ni catalysts on the catalytic performance for reforming of biomass tar

The influence of preparation method of char supported metallic Ni catalysts on the catalytic performance for reforming of biomass tar

Combustion Characteristics, Kinetics, SO2 and NO Release of Low-Grade Biomass Materials and Briquettes

Co-combustion interactions between teak sawdust and sewage sludge with additives

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