Carbonisation of wood residue into charcoal during low temperature process

Wilk, Małgorzata; Magdziarz, Aneta; Kalemba, I.; Gara, Paweł

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2015.06.072

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…4 shows that the elemental composition of torrefied food waste that moves Van Krevelen plot of raw and torrefied food waste samples at various temperature, residence time, particle size towards coal, with the best result is obtained from torrefaction of food waste at 320 °C, 60 min and 0.5 mm. The results are in accord with numerous literature that has reported that torrefied biomass possesses characteristics close to or similar to the coal [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Ultimate Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of Torrefaction Temperature, Residence Time and Particle Size on the Properties of Torrefied Food Waste

et al. 2019

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Municipal solid waste (MSW) in Malaysia mainly consists of food waste. As food waste is of organic compounds, its improper management may cause serious environmental issues, as it may produce greenhouse gases and polluting leachate. Alternative management of the food waste is through its utilization. However, the main issue in the utilization of food waste is its heterogeneity, whereby the diversified cooking methods, as well as food origin, emanates different characteristics. Hence, food waste needs to be pre-treated through the torrefaction process, which is a thermochemical method that converts it to biochar at a temperature between 200–300 °C in an inert environment. The main aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of food waste as a potential source of energy through the torrefaction process. The torrefaction of food waste was conducted in a vertical tubular reactor under an inert atmosphere. The results obtained from this study showed that as torrefaction temperature became more severe, the produced torrefied solid is more energy-dense, with apparent higher fixed carbon content and improved heating values. These findings imply that food waste may be able to be utilized as a solid biofuel, with fuel properties comparable to conventional fuels.

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Section: Ultimate Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of Torrefaction Temperature, Residence Time and Particle Size on the Properties of Torrefied Food Waste

et al. 2019

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“…[11,19] Advantages  Could be applied to a wide variety of feedstock (softwood, hardwood, herbaceous, waste) Compared with traditional pellets, torrefied pellets have:  Higher bulk and energy density;  Higher mechanical strength and lower dust formation;  Better hydrophobicity and reduced biological degradation, resulting in no need for covering and for expensive storage solutions;  Homogeneity and grindability properties similar to coal, therefore no need of dedicated milling and feeding infrastructure at coal power plants. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Issues Torrefaction in combination with pelletization  New and emerging technology, with limited industrial applications to date and high capital costs.  Limited data on process and pellet properties are available from a few pilot plants.…”

Section: Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

International vs. domestic bioenergy supply chains for co-firing plants: The role of pre-treatment technologies

Mauro

Rentizelas

2018

Renewable Energy

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Co-firing of solid biomass in existing large scale coal power plants has been supported in many countries as a short-term means to decrease CO 2 emissions and rapidly increase renewable energy shares. However, many countries face challenges guaranteeing sufficient amounts of biomass through reliable domestic biomass supply chains and resort to international supply chains. Within this frame, novel pre-treatment technologies, particularly pelletization and torrefaction, emerged in recent years to facilitate logistics by improving the durability and the energy density of solid biomass. This paper aims to evaluate these pre-treatment technologies from a techno-economic and environmental point of view for two reference coal power plants located in Great Britain and in Italy. Logistics costs and carbon emissions are modelled for both international and domestic biomass supply chains. The impact of pre-treatment technologies on carbon emission avoidance costs is evaluated. It is demonstrated that, for both cases, pre-treatment technologies are hardly viable for domestic supply. However, pretreatment technologies are found to render most international bioenergy supply chains competitive with domestic ones, especially if sourcing areas are located in low labour cost countries. In many cases, pre-treatment technologies are found to guarantee similar CO 2 equivalent emissions performance for international compared to domestic supply chains.

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“…28,29 Oxygen was removed via reactions releasing it as water vapour, CO and CO 2 . 30 Decreasing hydrogen contents in torrefied wood resulted from the removal of hydroxyl groups in the form of water.…”

Section: Elemental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquefaction of Torrefied Wood using Microwave Irradiation

et al. 2016

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Torrefaction is an effective pretreatment method to improve the uniformity and quality of lignocellolosic biomass before further thermal processing (e.g., gasification, combustion). The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of torrefaction as a pretreatment before liquefaction. Wood chips were torrefied for 2 hours at three different temperatures (230, 260, 290 °C) and then subjected to microwave-assisted liquefaction, as was the untreated wood control. The dielectric properties of liquefaction materials, including the biomass samples and liquefaction reagent, were measured to evaluate their abilities to convert electromagnetic energy to heat. The effects of liquefaction time, temperature, and catalyst concentration on the liquefaction efficiency were also investigated. It showed that torrefaction temperature had significant influence on the liquefaction behavior of wood materials. Wood treated at the lowest torrefaction temperature (230 °C) retained the most structural/compositional characteristics of untreated wood and therefore they both exhibited similar liquefaction behaviors. In addition, the higher treatment temperature (290 °C) led to higher liquefaction residue contents, attributed to the increase in carbon content and hydrophobicity from torrefaction.

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Carbonisation of wood residue into charcoal during low temperature process

Cited by 51 publications

References 32 publications

Effect of Torrefaction Temperature, Residence Time and Particle Size on the Properties of Torrefied Food Waste

Effect of Torrefaction Temperature, Residence Time and Particle Size on the Properties of Torrefied Food Waste

International vs. domestic bioenergy supply chains for co-firing plants: The role of pre-treatment technologies

Liquefaction of Torrefied Wood using Microwave Irradiation

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