Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX) Does Not Differentiate Between Benign and Malignant Mesothelium

Ananthanarayanan, Vijayalakshmi; Tretiakova, Maria; Husain, Aliya N.; Krausz, Thomas; Antic, Tatjana

doi:10.1309/ajcp8bj8cjxuehzd

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…The explanation of correlation with pelvic disease could be the fact that CAIX is detected in mesothelial cells (fluids). Similar findings have been described by Ananthanarayanan 49 , and Capkova et al 50 . Mesothelium, both reactive and malignant were positive for CAIX immunostaining.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Factors, associated with elevated concentration of soluble carbonic anhydrase IX in plasma of women with cervical dysplasia

Grincevičienė

Vaitkienė

Kanopienė

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Precancerous lesions of human cervix uteri have a tendency for regression or progression. In cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CINII) case there is an uncertainty if a lesion will progress or regress. The carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) enzyme is overexpressed in cervical cancer which is more sensitive to radiotherapy. CAIX is associated with poor prognosis in solid hypoxic tumors. The aim of this study was to determine factors related to elevated soluble CAIX (s-CAIX) in high-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) cases. Methods. Patients diagnosed with HSIL (N = 77) were included into the research group whereas without HSIL (N = 72)—the control group. Concentration of the soluble CAIX (s-CAIX) in plasma was determined by the DIANA ligand-antibody-based method. C. trachomatis was detected from cervical samples by PCR. Primary outcomes were risk factors elevating s-CAIX level in HSIL group. Non-parametric statistical analysis methods were used to calculate correlations. Results. The s-CAIX level in patients with HSIL was elevated among older participants (rs = 0.27, p = 0.04) and with C. trachomatis infection (p = 0.028). Among heavy smokers with HSIL, the concentration of s-CAIX was higher in older women (rs = 0.52, p = 0.005), but was not related to the age of heavy smokers’ controls (τ = 0.18 p = 0.40). Conclusion. The concentration of s-CAIX was higher among older, heavy smoking and diagnosed with C. trachomatis patients. All these factors increased the risk for HSIL progression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Factors, associated with elevated concentration of soluble carbonic anhydrase IX in plasma of women with cervical dysplasia

Grincevičienė

Vaitkienė

Kanopienė

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Malignant and borderline mesothelial tumors of the pleura

Chapel¹,

Vivero²,

Sholl³

2024

Practical Pulmonary Pathology

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Genomic Alterations in Undifferentiated Malignant Tumors with Rhabdoid Phenotype and Loss of BRG1 Immunoexpression Identified by Fine Needle Aspirates

et al. 2019

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Objective: Evidence shows that the switch/sucrose nonfermenting chromatin remodeling complex plays a critical role in DNA repair, cancer progression and dedifferentiation. BRG1 is one of its key catalytic subunits. While the loss of BRG1 expression by immunocytochemistry has been identified in a subset of malignancies arising in various sites with undifferentiated/rhabdoid morphology and poor prognosis, the underlying basis for its loss is unclear. Methods: A retrospective search was conducted in our cytopathology archive for undifferentiated malignant tumors with rhabdoid phenotype and BRG1 loss. Clinical information was obtained from electronic medical records. Next-generation sequencing was performed following macro-dissection of paraffin-embedded cellblock tissue. Results: Three cases were identified; all presented with widely metastatic disease with no previously diagnosed primary malignancy, and subsequently died within 6 months of initial presentation. Cytologically, the aspirates showed dyshesive and undifferentiated cells with rhabdoid features. Extensive immunocytochemical workup demonstrated immunoreactivity with vimentin only and could not establish a specific lineage. BRG1 expression was absent, while INI1 expression was retained. Two cases harbored deleterious mutations in BRG1/SMARCA4. Pathogenic mutations in TP53 were identified in all tumors. Conclusions: BRG1 deficiency reflects underlying mutation in SMARCA4 gene in some but not all cases, suggesting that additional mechanisms may be causing BRG1 silencing. Pathogenic mutations in TP53 in all tumors are consistent with their highly aggressive nature. Recognizing the cytomorphology of this group of neoplasms and confirming their BRG1-deficient status by immunocytochemistry not only has prognostic implications, but may also impart potentially therapeutic value in the near future.

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Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX) Does Not Differentiate Between Benign and Malignant Mesothelium

Abstract: CAIX can be a useful ancillary marker for identifying mesothelial cells. There is no difference in CAIX expression between benign and malignant mesothelium. Caution should be exercised while evaluating for metastasis from renal cell carcinoma.

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Factors, associated with elevated concentration of soluble carbonic anhydrase IX in plasma of women with cervical dysplasia

Factors, associated with elevated concentration of soluble carbonic anhydrase IX in plasma of women with cervical dysplasia

Malignant and borderline mesothelial tumors of the pleura

Genomic Alterations in Undifferentiated Malignant Tumors with Rhabdoid Phenotype and Loss of BRG1 Immunoexpression Identified by Fine Needle Aspirates

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