Carbonic anhydrase in the utero-vaginal junction of immature and mature ostriches

Holm, Lena; Ruziwa, S.D.; Dantzer, V.; Ridderstråle, Yvonne

doi:10.1080/713654906

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Seven days later, small bud-like invaginations were found in this region. Similar epithelial invaginations have been found in sexually immature ostriches (Holm et al, 2000) and young nonphotostimulated turkeys (Bakst,'92). Bakst ('88,'92) also detected fully developed SST, containing spermatozoa, in young turkeys with undeveloped ovary and oviduct, suggesting that development of the SST may take place before the maturation of the rest of the oviduct.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…However, this short region, only about 1-2 mm in the quail, shows a very distinct localisation of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which cannot be found in the surface epithelium in any other region of the oviduct. Likewise, a similar pattern of carbonic anhydrase has been found in the utero-vaginal junction epithelium of all bird species investigated so far (Holm et al, '96;Holm and Ridderstråle, '98;Holm et al, 2000). The exact role of the enzyme has not yet been established, but it has been suggested that it is involved in regulation of sperm motility by adjusting the luminal pH, because it is know that spermatozoa need to be motile to reach the SST.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Development of sperm storage tubules in the quail during sexual maturation

Holm

Ridderstråle

2001

J. Exp. Zool.

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The development of the utero-vaginal sperm storage tubules (SST) in the quail during sexual maturation was studied using light microscopy and image analysis. SST development starts at around 28 days with low columnar cells, 10.9 +/- 0.7 microm high, found at the base of mucosal folds in the distal uterus. Seven days later, small bud-like invaginations consisting of columnar, 16.4 +/- 1.1 microm high cells with basal nuclei were found in this region. An extremely rapid growth of the oviduct occurred at approximately 40-42 days of age with considerable variation in oviductal length between birds, coefficient of variation (CV) 64.8% and 66.2%, respectively. Two of these birds had SST containing spermatozoa but were not laying. At 49 days, oviductal length was 24 +/- 0.5 cm (CV 2.0%), and all birds had functional SST with spermatozoa and had started to lay. Mature SST consist of columnar, nonciliated cells, 19.8 +/- 0.7 microm high. Although development of SST in the quail, to a large extent, coincides with the development of the rest of the oviduct, the present findings suggest that utero-vaginal sperm storage is possible before the complete maturation of the oviduct and subsequent onset of lay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Development of sperm storage tubules in the quail during sexual maturation

Holm

Ridderstråle

2001

J. Exp. Zool.

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“…The transition between the two regions is abrupt and well demarcated (Bezuidenhout et al, 1995). In the ostrich, SST are present in the vagina in a wide band immediately adjacent to the uterovaginal junction (Bezuidenhout et al, 1995;Groenewald et al, 1996;Holm et al, 2000). The presence of SST demarcates the utero-vaginal junction which is reported to vary between 11.5 cm (Holm et al, 2000) and 20 cm (Bezuidenhout et al, 1995) in length.…”

Section: Sperm Storagementioning

confidence: 89%

Reproduction in Nondomestic Birds: Physiology, Semen Collection, Artificial Insemination and Cryopreservation

Gee¹,

Bertschinger²,

Donoghue³

et al. 2004

Avian & Poul. Biolog. Rev.

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Pioneering work by Quinn and Burrows in the late 1930s led to successful artificial insemination (AI) programs in the domestic poultry industry. A variety of species specific modifications to the Quinn and Burrows massage technique made AI possible in nondomestic birds. Massage semen collection and insemination techniques span the entire range of species from sparrows to ostriches. Also, cooperative semen collection and electroejaculation have found limited use in some nondomestic species.Artificial insemination produces good fertility, often exceeding fertility levels in naturally copulating populations. However, aviculturists should explore other ways to improve fertility before resorting to AI. Artificial insemination is labor intensive and may pose risks to nondomestic birds as well as handlers associated with capture and insemination.Semen collection and AI makes semen cryopreservation and germ plasma preservation possible. Yet, semen cryopreservation techniques need improvement before fertility with frozen-thawed semen will equal fertility from AI with fresh semen.

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“…However, the number of days over which sperm are detected suggests that the ostrich clutch size may be larger than values previously reported, or female ostriches store sperm for up to two clutches. Their long sperm storage duration could have a basis in a relatively large uterovaginal region containing long sperm storage tubules, a storage system resembling that of the turkey (Holm et al, 2000), a species that stores sperm for up to 72 days (Birkhead, 1988). Similarities in the utero-vaginal region between the two species could explain why the rate of sperm loss in the ostrich is similar to that of the turkey (-0.003 per hour log; Wishart, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On commercial farms, it directly affects profitability because it determines the proportion of fertile eggs laid by each female (Cloete et al, 1998). Fertility of ostrich eggs varies considerably between and within farms (Badley, 1997;Bunter & Graser, 2000) despite a reproductive strategy that should guarantee high fertility through high rates of sperm supply and the presence of sperm storage tubules in the female (Bezuidenhout et al, 1995;Holm et al, 2000;Malecki & Martin, 2003b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm storage and duration of fertility in female ostriches (<i>Struthio camelus</i>)

Malecki¹,

Cloete²,

Gertenbach³

et al. 2005

SA J. An. Sci.

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In two experiments, one carried in South Africa and the other in Western Australia, the duration of sperm storage and the fertile period following separation of sexes were investigated by egg break-out and by counting the sperm in the perivitelline membrane (sperm OPVL ) above the germinal disc (GD) region. Fertilisation status was determined by the appearance of the GD. The perivitelline membrane above the GD was collected to count sperm under fluorescence following staining with 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenyindole (DAPI). In both experiments, after the males were removed, the rate of lay declined by about 50% within a week. Following separation, sperm OPVL were detected for up to four weeks and fertilised eggs were laid for nearly the same duration. The loss of sperm followed an approximately logarithmic function and sperm numbers declined at rates similar to that of the turkey. Since the duration of sperm storage was longer than indicated by clutch duration, ostrich clutch size might be larger than reported or female ostriches might store sperm for up to two clutches. Fertilisation rate in ostrich eggs is high because most eggs contain excessive numbers of sperm and very low numbers of sperm appear sufficient to achieve fertilisation.

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Carbonic anhydrase in the utero-vaginal junction of immature and mature ostriches

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Development of sperm storage tubules in the quail during sexual maturation

Development of sperm storage tubules in the quail during sexual maturation

Reproduction in Nondomestic Birds: Physiology, Semen Collection, Artificial Insemination and Cryopreservation

Sperm storage and duration of fertility in female ostriches (<i>Struthio camelus</i>)

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