Carbonate deposition and hydrocarbon reservoir development at the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary: The Ara Group in South Oman

Schröder, Stefan; Grotzinger, J. P.; Amthor, Joachim E.; Matter, Albert

doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.07.002

Cited by 63 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Each light-dark couplet reflects accumulation of carbonate settling from the water column (dark laminae), alternating with accumulation of planktonic and/or benthic organic matter (light laminae). The rough, crinkly, upper boundaries of the light laminae suggest the presence of microbial mats, which might have created upright structures (Grotzinger and Knoll, 1999;Schröder et al, 2005). However, the absence of stromatolites (domes or columns of any kind) implies a different formation mechanism than that of many other microbialites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Huqf Supergroup is well exposed in central and northern Oman, including the Huqf area and the Oman Mountains (Gorin et al, 1982;Mattes and Morris, 1990;Wright et al, 1990) in the Mirbat area of southern Oman (Kellerhals and Matter, 2003;Mercolli et al, 2006) (Figure 1), and is intercepted in numerous wells in the SOSB (Al-Siyabi, 2005). The Huqf Supergroup is subdivided into three groups (Gorin et al, 1982;Mattes and Morris, 1990;Wright et al, 1990;Schröder et al, 2005;Osburn et al, 2014) (Figure 2). The lowermost unit is the Abu Mahara Group, which consists of glacial clastics.…”

Section: Regional Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In outcrops of the Oman Mountains, the volcaniclastic Fara Formation overlies the Buah Formation and is generally considered time equivalent to the Ara Group. Strata of possible Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary age are known only from subsurface data Schröder et al, 2005;Fike and Grotzinger, 2008). A few key wells intersected both the Abu Mahara and Nafun Groups on structural highs, thus providing ties between the surface exposures and the subsurface (Mattes and Morris, 1990;Cozzi et al, 2004;Fike and Grotzinger, 2008).…”

Section: Regional Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depositional facies and platform architecture of microbialite-dominated carbonate reservoirs, Ediacaran–Cambrian Ara Group, Sultante of Om

Grotzinger¹,

Al-Rawahi²

2014

Bulletin

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A B S T R A C TIntrasalt carbonates of the Ediacaran-Cambrian Ara Group constitute a significant reservoir element of the intrasalt "stringer" play in Oman, in which dolomitic carbonates are encased in salt at depths of 3 to 7 km (1.9 to 4.3 mi). These reservoir carbonates have significant microbial influences. Although Ara Group reservoirs are mostly latest Precambrian, the models developed here may be applicable to younger microbially dominated carbonate reservoirs in basins of higher salinity when higher organisms are excluded, in lacustrine settings where calcified invertebrates are not a significant source of carbonate, or after periods of mass extinction before faunal recovery. A broad range of carbonate facies provides the context in which to understand the origin of the microbialite-dominated reservoirs developed across both ramp and rimmed shelf profiles. Major facies associations include carbonate-evaporite transition zone, deep ramp and slope, subtidal microbialites, clastic-textured carbonates, and restricted peritidal carbonates. Microbialites are subdivisible into a number of facies that all have significance in terms of understanding environmental history as well as reservoir properties, and that help in predicting the location of reservoir fairways. Microbially influenced facies include shallow subtidal thrombolites with massive clotted textures and very high initial porosities (>50 ), shallow subtidal pustular laminites with cm-scale variability of lamina morphology, deeper subtidal crinkly laminites that show mm-scale variability of lamina morphology, and intertidal tufted laminates that

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depositional facies and platform architecture of microbialite-dominated carbonate reservoirs, Ediacaran–Cambrian Ara Group, Sultante of Om

Grotzinger¹,

Al-Rawahi²

2014

Bulletin

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“…Halite cement is common in sandstones and carbonates that are stratigraphically or structurally adjacent to evaporite beds or salt diapirs. Rarely, halite can fill pores and destroy reservoir quality when present in large volumes (Schroder et al 2005). Zeolite cements are common in volcaniclastic sediments and can fill a significant proportion of the porosity.…”

Section: Mesodiagenesis (Burial Diagenesis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum reservoir quality prediction: overview and contrasting approaches from sandstone and carbonate communities

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The porosity and permeability of sandstone and carbonate reservoirs (known as reservoir quality) are essential inputs for successful oil and gas resource exploration and exploitation. This chapter introduces basic concepts, analytical and modelling techniques and some of the key controversies to be discussed in 20 research papers that were initially presented at a Geological Society conference in 2014 titled 'Reservoir Quality of Clastic and Carbonate Rocks: Analysis, Modelling and Prediction'. Reservoir quality in both sandstones and carbonates is studied using a wide range of techniques: log analysis and petrophysical core analysis, core description, routine petrographic tools and, ideally, less routine techniques such as stable isotope analysis, fluid inclusion analysis and other geochemical approaches. Sandstone and carbonate reservoirs both benefit from the study of modern analogues to constrain the primary character of sediment before they become a hydrocarbon reservoir. Prediction of sandstone and carbonate reservoir properties also benefits from running constrained experiments to simulate diagenetic processes during burial, compaction and heating. There are many common controls on sandstone and carbonate reservoir quality, including environment of deposition, rate of deposition and rate and magnitude of sea-level change, and many eogenetic processes. Compactional and mesogenetic processes tend to affect sandstone and carbonate somewhat differently but are both influenced by rate of burial, and the thermal and pressure history of a basin. Key differences in sandstone and carbonate reservoir quality include the specific influence of stratigraphic age on seawater composition (calcite v. aragonite oceans), the greater role of compaction in sandstones and the greater reactivity and geochemical openness of carbonate systems. Some of the key controversies in sandstone and carbonate reservoir quality focus on the role of petroleum emplacement on diagenesis and porosity loss, the role of effective stress in chemical compaction (pressure solution) and the degree of geochemical openness of reservoirs during diagenesis and cementation. This collection of papers contains case study-based examples of sandstone and carbonate reservoir quality prediction as well as modern analogue, outcrop analogue, modelling and advanced analytical approaches.Gold Open Access: This article is published under the terms of the CC-BY 3.0 license.Porosity and permeability (reservoir quality) exert fundamental controls on the economic viability of a petroleum accumulation (Blackbourn 2012).They need to be quantified from basin access and exploration, via appraisal and field development through secondary and tertiary recovery in order to

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“…546 Ma). The A0 carbonates underlie the first known evaporitic sediments and are therefore regarded as having been deposited before the basin underwent its first episode of periodic restriction (Mattes and Conway-Morris, 1990;Schrö der et al, 2005;Bowring et al, 2007). d 34 S SO 4 continues to increase throughout the lower Ara units (A1-A3), reaching a maximum of 42& near the top of the A3 carbonate unit, just before the E-C boundary.…”

Section: The Ara Anomaly: 34 S Somentioning

confidence: 99%

A paired sulfate–pyrite δ34S approach to understanding the evolution of the Ediacaran–Cambrian sulfur cycle

Fike

Grotzinger

2008

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

130

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Carbonate deposition and hydrocarbon reservoir development at the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary: The Ara Group in South Oman

Cited by 63 publications

References 40 publications

Depositional facies and platform architecture of microbialite-dominated carbonate reservoirs, Ediacaran–Cambrian Ara Group, Sultante of Om

Depositional facies and platform architecture of microbialite-dominated carbonate reservoirs, Ediacaran–Cambrian Ara Group, Sultante of Om

Petroleum reservoir quality prediction: overview and contrasting approaches from sandstone and carbonate communities

A paired sulfate–pyrite δ34S approach to understanding the evolution of the Ediacaran–Cambrian sulfur cycle

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