Carbonaceous particle hydration

Chughtai, A. R.; Williams, Gareth R.; Atteya, M.M.O.; Miller, Nicole; Smith, D. Moody

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(98)00329-x

Cited by 59 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…Chughtai et al (1999) found that surface oxidation of soot by reaction with O 3 increases the hydration of the particles. Studies of diesel particles coated by benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) have demonstrated that during exposure to O 3 the particles become more hydrophilic (Weingartner et al, 1997;Kotzick and Niessner, 1999) with a rate (r) that depends on the O 3 levels.…”

Section: Chemical Ageing Of Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

et al. 2005

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Abstract. The present paper reviews existing knowledge with regard to Organic Aerosol (OA) of importance for global climate modelling and defines critical gaps needed to reduce the involved uncertainties. All pieces required for the representation of OA in a global climate model are sketched out with special attention to Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA): The emission estimates of primary carbonaceous particles and SOA precursor gases are summarized. The up-to-date understanding of the chemical formation and transformation of condensable organic material is outlined. Knowledge on the hygroscopicity of OA and measurements of optical properties of the organic aerosol constituents are summarized. The mechanisms of interactions of OA with clouds and dry and wet removal processes parameterisations in global models are outlined. This information is synthesized to provide a continuous analysis of the flow from the emitted material to the atmosphere up to the point of the climate impact of the produced organic aerosol. The sources of uncertainties at each step of this process are highlighted as areas that require further studies.

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Section: Chemical Ageing Of Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

et al. 2005

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“…This in turn affects cloud formation rates [Chughtai, et al, 1996;Chughtai, et al, 1999a;Chughtai, et al, 1999b;Rogaski, et al, 1997]. Uptake of water depends on the chemical properties of the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More efficient combustion regimes lead to greater abundances of oxygen and defective structures at the particles interface, promoting higher chemical reactivity [Chughtai, et al, 2002;Su, et al, 2004]. An important step in quantifying the magnitude of the indirect effect is to measure the uptake coefficient of water onto BC particles (γ BC ) [Chughtai, et al, 1996;Chughtai, et al, 1999a;Chughtai, et al, 1999b;Rogaski, et al, 1997;Wyslouzil, et al, 1994].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…n-hexane soot is composed of between 87 -95% carbon and contains a variety of oxygen containing functional groups, including alkyl ketones, aryl ethers, anhydrides and substituted aromatic groups [Akhter, et al, 1985]. The International Steering Committee for Black Carbon Reference Materials (ISCBCRM) recommends n-hexane soot as a suitable standard to represent atmospheric BC, due to chemical and physical similarities and because of the significant characterization and reactivity data in the literature [Akhter, et al, 1985;Chughtai, et al, 2002;Chughtai, et al, 1999a;Chughtai, et al, 1999b;Goldberg, 1985;Masiello and Schmidt, 1999]. Graphites represent the second class of soot surrogates studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical bonding and structure of black carbon reference materials and individual carbonaceous atmospheric aerosols

Hopkins

Tivanski

Marten³

et al. 2007

Journal of Aerosol Science

110

144

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The carbon-to-oxygen ratios and graphitic nature of a range of black carbon standard reference materials (BC SRMs), high molecular mass humic-like substances (HULIS) and atmospheric particles are examined using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) coupled with near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. Using STXM/NEXAFS, individual particles with diameter >100 nm are studied, thus the diversity of atmospheric particles collected during a variety of field missions is assessed. Applying a semi-quantitative peak fitting method to the NEXAFS spectra enables a comparison of BC SRMs and HULIS to particles originating from anthropogenic combustion and biomass burns, thus allowing determination of the suitability of these materials for representing atmospheric particles. Anthropogenic combustion and biomass burn particles can be distinguished from one another using both chemical bonding and structural ordering information. While anthropogenic combustion particles are characterized by a high proportion of aromatic-C, the presence of benzoquinone and are highly structurally ordered, biomass burn particles exhibit lower structural ordering, a smaller proportion of aromatic-C and contain a much higher proportion of oxygenated functional groups.

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“…The hydration properties of combustion particles were investigated mainly in terms of adsorption/desorption of water molecules (Chughtai et al, 1999;Popovitcheva et al, 2001;Seisel et al, 2004). These studies demonstrate that particles generated from sulphur containing fuels show higher hydration levels than combustion particles generated from sulphur free fuel (Chughtai et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effects of organic matter and sulphur-containing compounds on the CCN activation of combustion particles

Petzold¹,

Gysel

Vancassel

et al. 2005

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The European PartEmis project (Measurement and prediction of emissions of aerosols and gaseous precursors from gas turbine engines) was focussed on the characterisation and quantification of exhaust emissions from a gas turbine engine. The combustion aerosol characterisation included on-line measurements of mass and number concentration, size distribution, mixing state, thermal stability of internally mixed particles, hygroscopicity, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation potential, and off-line analysis of chemical composition. Based on this extensive data set, the role of sulphuric acid coating and of the organic fraction of the combustion particles for the CCN activation was investigated. Modelling of CCN activation was conducted using microphysical and chemical properties obtained from the measurements as input data. Coating the combustion particles with water-soluble sulphuric acid, increases the potential CCN activation, or lowers the activation diameter, respectively. The adaptation of a Köhler model to the experimental data yielded coatings from 0.1 to 3 vol-% of watersoluble matter, which corresponds to an increase in the fraction of CCN-activated combustion particles from ≤10 −4 to ∼ =10 −2 at a water vapour saturation ratio S w =1.006. Additional particle coating by coagulation of combustion particles and aqueous sulphuric acid particles formed by nucleation further reduces the CCN activation diameter. In contrast, particles containing a large fraction of non-volatile organic comCorrespondence to: A. Petzold (andreas.petzold@dlr.de) pounds grow significantly less at high relative humidity than particles with a lower content of non-volatile OC. The resulting reduction in the potential CCN activation with an increasing fraction of non-volatile OC becomes visible as a trend in the experimental data. While a coating of water-soluble sulphuric acid increases the potential CCN activation, or lowers the activation diameter, respectively, the non-volatile organic compounds, mainly found at lower combustion temperatures, can partially compensate this sulphuric acid-related enhancement of CCN activation of carbonaceous combustion aerosol particles.

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Carbonaceous particle hydration

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review

Chemical bonding and structure of black carbon reference materials and individual carbonaceous atmospheric aerosols

On the effects of organic matter and sulphur-containing compounds on the CCN activation of combustion particles

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