Carbonaceous Mesophase Formation and Molecular Composition of Petroleum Feedstocks

Eser, Semih

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03569-6_12

Cited by 11 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Additionally, the removal of sulfur from condensed thiophenes creates free rotation about a single bond. The carbonization of PAHs exhibiting free rotation, such as biphenyls, results in a poorly developed mesophase. , The flexible σ bonds created by HYD may result in cross-linking between mesogens during mesophase development as a result of their high carbonization reactivity . Such cross-liking between sheets will reduce the fluidity and the resulting OTI.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scheme for Hydrotreatment of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Decant Oil with Reduced Hydrogen Consumption and High Needle Coke Yield upon Carbonization

2016

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Two decant oils with different sulfur contents and their vacuum distillation fractions were hydrotreated in a fixed-bed flow reactor to produce a feed with sufficiently low sulfur content for needle coke production. Products from hydrotreatment were subsequently carbonized in a tubing bomb reactor to characterize the carbonaceous mesophase development seen in the resulting semicoke. Although the purpose of the hydrotreatment is to reduce sulfur content, hydrogenation of aromatic compounds also takes place during the treatment, thus increasing the hydrogen consumption. Modest hydrogenation of decant oil from the hydrotreatment improved the mesophase development but resulted in a significant decrease of the semicoke yield upon carbonization of the treated product. As a remedy to conserve hydrogen during hydrotreatment and achieve higher coke yields in the subsequent carbonization, only the middle fraction from vacuum distillation of the decant oil was hydrotreated and blended back with the vacuum bottoms to simulate the coker feed. This scheme was successful to attain the desirable sulfur reduction in the feedstock without the penalty of a reduced coke yield upon carbonization or useless hydrogen consumption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scheme for Hydrotreatment of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Decant Oil with Reduced Hydrogen Consumption and High Needle Coke Yield upon Carbonization

2016

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“…It is also possible that hydrochar has similar properties to carbonaceous mesophase. The term defines a material, whose state of matter is an intermediate between solid and liquid [60,61]. In this field of research, coalescence is widely recognized as a growth mechanism [62][63][64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal carbonization of fructose—effect of salts and reactor stirring on the growth and formation of carbon spheres

Jung

Duman

Zimmermann

et al. 2021

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has become a promising technology for the production of hydrochar and carbon spheres. Several studies indicate a strong dependency of the reaction conditions on the sphere diameter. The usage of additives, such as salts, is one possibility to increase the size of the spheres. However, the growth mechanism which leads to larger particles is not fully understood. In this work, kinetic studies of HTC with fructose were performed with different salts as additives. The growth of the particles (the increase in size) has been compared to the formation rates (increase in yield) of hydrochar by using the reaction rate constants from the kinetic model. The results indicate that the acceleration of the growth rate is independent of the formation rate. It is therefore assumed that coagulation, as a growth mechanism, took place. With longer reaction times, the particles reached a stable particle size, independently from the added salts; therefore, it was assumed that the particles underwent some sort of solidification. The state of matter can therefore be described as an intermediate state between liquid and solid, similar to mesophase pitch. Experiments with a stirrer resulted in squashed particles, which supports the model, that the particles exhibit emulsion-like behavior.

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“…Evaluation was done in polarized white light with air and oil immersion objectives at 500x using a Zeiss Universal research microscope. Point-count analysis was performed at a magnfication of 625x in oil immersion by traversing the sample on a 0.4 mm × 0.4 mm grid and using a classification scheme modified from Oya et al by Eser for petroleum-derived semi-coke and from ASTM D5061 for metallurgical coke derived from coal . A total of 1000 counts was accumulated, 500 from each of two polished mounts and the results for each component are reported as a volume percentage in Table .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory-Scale Coking of Coal−Petroleum Mixtures in Sealed Reactors

et al. 2004

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Three highly fluid bituminous coalsfrom the Pittsburgh, Powellton, and Eagle seamswere reacted with atmospheric resid and decant oil in microautoclave reactors under nitrogen at temperatures of 450−500 °C. This exploratory study is the first step in evaluating the prospects for adding coal to delayed cokers to obtain coal-derived components in the liquid product. Subsequent hydrotreating (not studied here) of the liquid would produce a jet fuel with good stability toward pyrolytic decomposition. Coal-derived components appear in the oil fraction from coal−resid reactions at 465 °C. This reaction temperature represents a “coke jump”, in which the yield of solid, as a function of temperature, increases dramatically. This behavior is not observed when the individual feedstocks are reacted alone. Further evidence for coal−petroleum interactions in this system is exhibited by the fact that (i) the product slates from the co-coking reactions are not linear combinations of the products from the feedstocks reacted individually and (ii) the fluidity profiles of the Powellton−resid mixtures are similar to those for two interacting coking coals. The effect of changing coal with the same petroleum feedstock is minimal, although the coals are very similar in composition and properties. In contrast, changing from resid to decant oil with the same coal causes major changes in the product slate.

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Carbonaceous Mesophase Formation and Molecular Composition of Petroleum Feedstocks

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Scheme for Hydrotreatment of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Decant Oil with Reduced Hydrogen Consumption and High Needle Coke Yield upon Carbonization

Scheme for Hydrotreatment of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Decant Oil with Reduced Hydrogen Consumption and High Needle Coke Yield upon Carbonization

Hydrothermal carbonization of fructose—effect of salts and reactor stirring on the growth and formation of carbon spheres

Laboratory-Scale Coking of Coal−Petroleum Mixtures in Sealed Reactors

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