Carbonaceous aerosols in an urban tunnel

Ancelet, Travis; Davy, Perry; Trompetter, W.J.; Markwitz, A.; Weatherburn, David C.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.05.032

Cited by 65 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Further details on the IBA techniques used, analytical uncertainties and limits of detection have been reported previously (Ancelet et al, 2012). Black carbon was measured using a M43D digital smoke stain reflectometer (Ancelet et al, 2011).…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution sampling and analysis of ambient particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China: source apportionment and health risk implications

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Hazardous air pollutants, such as trace elements in particulate matter (PM), are known or highly suspected to cause detrimental effects on human health. To understand the sources and associated risks of PM to human health, hourly time-integrated major trace elements in sizesegregated coarse (PM 2.5-10 ) and fine (PM 2.5 ) particulate matter were collected at the industrial city of Foshan in the Pearl River Delta region, China. Receptor modeling of the data set by positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to identify six sources contributing to PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations at the site. Dominant sources included industrial coal combustion, secondary inorganic aerosol, motor vehicles and construction dust along with two intermittent sources (biomass combustion and marine aerosol). The biomass combustion source was found to be a significant contributor to peak PM 2.5 episodes along with motor vehicles and industrial coal combustion. Conditional probability function (CPF) analysis was applied to estimate the source locations using the PMF-resolved source contribution coupled with the surface wind direction data. Health exposure risk of hazardous trace elements (Pb, As, Si, Cr, Mn and Ni) and source-specific values were estimated. The total hazard quotient (HQ) of PM 2.5 was 2.09, higher than the acceptable limit (HQ = 1). The total carcinogenic risk (CR) was 3.37 × 10 −3 for PM 2.5 , which was 3 times higher than the least stringent limit (1.0 × 10 −4 ). Among the selected trace elements, As and Pb posed the highest non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to human health, respectively. In addition, our results show that the industrial coal combustion source is the dominant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk contributor, highlighting the need for stringent control of this source. This study provides new insight for policy makers to prioritize sources in air quality management and health risk reduction.

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Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution sampling and analysis of ambient particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China: source apportionment and health risk implications

et al. 2018

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“…Tunnels are often used for analysis of emissions from road vehicles including estimation of emission factors and physical and chemical characterization of vehicular emissions (El-Fadel and Hashisho, 2000). Several studies have been conducted for measurement of PM emissions in roadway tunnels in different parts of the world including the USA (Fraser et al, 1998;Abu-Allaban et al, 2002), China (He et al, 2008), Europe (Weingartner et al, 1997;Handler et al, 2008;El Haddad et al, 2009;Lawrence et al, 2013;Pio et al, 2013), New Zealand (Ancelet et al, 2011), Japan (Funasaka et al, 1998), Brazil (Brito et al, 2013) and Mexico (Mancilla and Mendoza, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Traffic-Related Particulate Matter Emissions in a Road Tunnel in Birmingham, UK: Trace Metals and Organic Molecular Markers

Pant

Shi

Pope

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Road traffic is one of the key sources of particulate matter (PM) in urban areas, and an understanding of the chemical composition of traffic emissions is important for source apportionment analysis. In this study, PM samples were collected simultaneously in a road tunnel and at a background site in Birmingham (UK) and analysed for a suite of elemental and organic species (hopanes, alkanes and PAH) with an aim to characterize the vehicular emissions in a tunnel environment and to prepare a composite mixed fleet profile for PM 2.5 traffic emissions. Large enrichment was observed for many organic and elemental species in the case of the tunnel samples with respect to the background site. The tunnel samples show a large enrichment of trace elements relative to the urban background with a mode at ca. 3 µm in the mass size distribution, indicative of emissions resulting from resuspension/abrasion sources. Cu, Ba and Sb were found to have the characteristic non-exhaust (brake wear) emission peaks in the coarse size range in the tunnel. A composite PM 2.5 traffic profile was prepared using the data from the two sites, and was compared against previously reported profiles. The profile was also compared against other traffic profiles from Europe and USA, and was found to be very similar to the previouslyreported PM 2.5 composite traffic profile from the UK. However, the uncertainties associated with the species were found to be much lower in the case of the tunnel profile from this study, and we conclude that this profile would be very suitable for use in Chemical Mass Balance Model analyses for the UK and other countries with a similar road traffic fleet mix.

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“…However, this fast extraction technique, which overcomes the main drawbacks of solvent extractions, is more often performed for PAHs sorbed on airborne particulate matter [81][82][83]; therefore, PAHs are desorbed from air dusts at 300-340°C (without pyrolytic degradation), cryogenically trapped and afterwards released in the gas chromatographer injection port at 325-400°C with a helium flow. Thermal desorption of PAHs from diesel exhaust particles seems to be more difficult and less reproducible, especially for high molecular weight PAHs [84].…”

Section: Extractions Without Solventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Methodologies for the Control of Particle-Phase Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds from Diesel Engine Exhaust

Portet‐Koltalo¹,

Machour²

2013

Diesel Engine - Combustion, Emissions and Condition Monitoring

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Carbonaceous aerosols in an urban tunnel

Cited by 65 publications

References 47 publications

High-resolution sampling and analysis of ambient particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China: source apportionment and health risk implications

High-resolution sampling and analysis of ambient particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China: source apportionment and health risk implications

Characterization of Traffic-Related Particulate Matter Emissions in a Road Tunnel in Birmingham, UK: Trace Metals and Organic Molecular Markers

Analytical Methodologies for the Control of Particle-Phase Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds from Diesel Engine Exhaust

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