Carbon turnover in a range of allophanic soils amended with 14C-labelled glucose

Saggar, Surinder; Tate, K. R.; Feltham, C.W.; Childs, C. W.; Parshotam, A.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(94)90152-x

Cited by 80 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This declining response across the soil age gradient indicates that the availability of labile soil C declined with weathering and higher clay content (Saggar et al 1994;Torn et al 1997;Masiello et al 2004), consistent with our soil age prediction. Increased cellulolytic activity in response to N has been reported for other forest and grassland ecosystems, but not in all cases (Ajwa et al 1999;Johnson et al 2005;Sinsabaugh et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Microbial responses to nitrogen addition in three contrasting grassland ecosystems

et al. 2007

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The effects of global N enrichment on soil processes in grassland ecosystems have received relatively little study. We assessed microbial community response to experimental increases in N availability by measuring extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) in soils from three grasslands with contrasting edaphic and climatic characteristics: a semiarid grassland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, USA (SEV), and mesic grasslands at Konza Prairie, Kansas, USA (KNZ) and Ukulinga Research Farm, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (SAF). We hypothesized that, with N enrichment, soil microbial communities would increase C and P acquisition activity, decrease N acquisition activity, and reduce oxidative enzyme production (leading to recalcitrant soil organic matter [SOM] accumulation), and that the magnitude of response would decrease with soil age (due to higher stabilization of enzyme pools and P limitation of response). Cellulolytic activities followed the pattern predicted, increasing 35-52% in the youngest soil (SEV), 10-14% in the intermediate soil (KNZ) and remaining constant in the oldest soil (SAF). The magnitude of phosphatase response did not vary among sites. N acquisition activity response was driven by the enzyme closest to its pH optimum in each soil: i.e., leucine aminopeptidase in alkaline soil, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase in acidic soil. Oxidative enzyme activity varied widely across ecosystems, but did not decrease with N amendment at any site. Likewise, SOM and %C pools did not respond to N enrichment. Between-site variation in both soil properties and EEA exceeded any treatment response, and a large portion of EEA variability (leucine aminopeptidase and oxidative enzymes), 68% as shown by principal components analysis, was strongly related to soil pH (r = 0.91, P < 0.001). In these grassland ecosystems, soil microbial responses appear constrained by a molecular-scale (pH) edaphic factor, making potential breakdown rates of SOM resistant to N enrichment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Microbial responses to nitrogen addition in three contrasting grassland ecosystems

et al. 2007

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“…Research has shown that plantderived SOM is strongly degraded and that it is the microbial SOM fraction that contributes substantially to SOM pools in Andosols (Buurman et al, 2007). Stabilization of SOM in Andosols has been attributed to i) formation of the SOM in organo-mineral and/or organo-metallic (Al/Fe-humus) complexes (Inoue and Higashi, 1988;Nanzyo et al, 1993;Neculman et al, 2013;Percival et al, 2000;Rumpel et al, 2012;Torn et al, 1997), ii) low activity of soil microorganisms due to low soil pH, Al toxicity, low base cation content, and/or P deficiency (Tokashiki and Wada, 1975;Tonneijck, 2009), iii) physical protection of the SOM in stable microaggregates characteristic of variable charge soils (Huygens et al, 2005;Baldock and Broos, 2011), iv) sorption and deactivation of exoenzymes involved in the extracellular depolymerization component of SOM decomposition (Saggar et al, 1994;Miltner and Zech, 1998), v) burial of organic-rich surface horizons by repeated additions of airfall tephra deposition, and vi) the presence of microbiallyrecalcitrant charcoal (especially in melanic epipedons) (Miyazaki et al, 2009(Miyazaki et al, , 2010Nishimura et al, 2006). The stabilization of SOM is reflected in the 14 C age of humic acids extracted from A horizons of Andosols which is reported to range from modern to 30,000 YBP, with the majority in the range 1000-5000 YBP (Inoue and Higashi, 1988).…”

Section: Organic Carbon Accumulation In Andosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature, properties and function of aluminum–humus complexes in volcanic soils

2016

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Andosols (or Andisols) possess several distinctive properties that are rarely found in other groups of soils. These properties are largely due to the dominance of short-range-ordered minerals (allophane, imogolite and ferrihydrite) and/or metal-humus complexes (Al/Fe-humus complexes) in their colloidal fraction. While several papers have extensively reviewed the nature and properties of short-range-ordered minerals, there is no comprehensive review of the genesis, characteristics and management implications of Al-humus complexes, the dominant form of active Al in non-allophanic Andosols. In this review, we survey the chemical characteristics of Al-humus complexes and discuss the pedogenic environment favoring their formation in non-allophanic Andosols. The role of Al-humus complexes in carbon cycling and soil organic carbon accumulation is emphasized as an important mechanism controlling organic dynamics in Andosols. While non-allophanic Andosols share many common properties with allophanic Andosols, they display several distinct characteristics associated with Al-humus complexes, such as strong acidity and high exchangeable Al content that impair agricultural productivity due to Al phytotoxicity. Thus, we focus on the role of Al-humus complexes in regulating aqueous Al 3+ solubility and release/retention kinetics, Al phytotoxicity, phosphorus dynamics, and suppression of soil-borne diseases. Knowledge of these soil properties as related to Al-humus complexes is necessary to develop effective soil management practices to assure sustainable agricultural productivity in non-allophanic Andosols. Finally, future research needs are identified concerning the role of Al-humus complexes in regulating soil biogeochemical processes.

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“…This might be apparently due to substantial exchange surface area on clay particles than on sand particles. Clay particles adsorbed and stabilized more OM and other nutrients (Saggar et al, 1994 and1996) in pasture and forest lands.…”

Section: Effects Of Land Use Systems On Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Properties Affected by Land Use Systems in Western Chitwan, Nepal

Chauhan

Pande

Thakur

2014

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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Field experiments were conducted in acidic soils of Mangalpur and Fulbari VDCs in western Chitwan, Nepal to study the effects of different land use systems on soil properties. Seven land use systems (cereal based lowland, cereal based upland, vegetable farm land, fruit orchard land, pasture land, forest land and farmer's field) were used and they were replicated four times in randomized complete block designs. Composite soil samples were collected from each study sites and were analyzed in laboratory for soil physicochemical properties. The data obtained were analyzed using MSTAT-C. Soil properties were significantly affected by land use systems in western Chitwan condition. Soil organic matter and total soil nitrogen were significantly higher from pasture land (4.69 % and 0.23 %) and the lowest were from farmer's field (2.40 % and 0.08 %). However, available soil phosphorous content was significantly higher from cereal based upland (448.3 kg ha -1 ) and it was the lowest from forest land (13.0 kg ha -1 ). Soil bulk density and pH were not significantly affected by land use systems. Since land use systems and management practices significantly affect soil physical and chemical properties, an appropriate and sustainable land use management option is necessary for fertile and healthy soil. Conservation tillage with the addition of sufficient organic inputs can be suggested based on this study to maintain soil health for sustained production and optimum activity of soil organisms under the western Chitwan land use systems.

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Carbon turnover in a range of allophanic soils amended with 14C-labelled glucose

Cited by 80 publications

References 29 publications

Microbial responses to nitrogen addition in three contrasting grassland ecosystems

Microbial responses to nitrogen addition in three contrasting grassland ecosystems

Nature, properties and function of aluminum–humus complexes in volcanic soils

Soil Properties Affected by Land Use Systems in Western Chitwan, Nepal

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