Carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis in rats: Influence of the acute effects of the toxin on glucose metabolism

Mion, François; Géloën, Alain; Agosto, E; Minaire, Y

doi:10.1002/hep.510230325

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Studies have demonstrated decreased hepatic glycogen content after treatment with CCl 4 , reflecting decreased gluconeogenesis by the liver (Muriel et al 2001). It has been known that, hypoglycemia is main feature of CCl 4 toxicity (Mion et al 1996). The same author reported that, hypoglycemia was observed in liver cirrhotic rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and histopathological study in rats intoxicated with carbontetrachloride and treated with camel milk

2013

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The unique characters of camel’s milk make it used extensively in the field of medicine as anti-microbial, anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective agent. The lack of studies demonstrating the protective effect of camel’s milk against hepatotoxic compound was the main reason beyond the conduction of the current experiment which aimed to investigate the protective effects of camel’s milk against carbontetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity. Therefore, 24 rats were fed on standard diet and divided into four groups. Rats of the first group and second groups were injected i/p with paraffin oil and received either tap water (control 1) or camel’s milk (control 2), respectively. Rats of the third and fourth groups were injected i/p with CCl4 and received either tap water or camel’s milk, respectively. At the end of the experiment (5 weeks), blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The present findings revealed that, CCl4 elevated serum enzyme activities of liver and some biochemical parameters, but these effects were prevented by the treatment of rats with camel milk. Histopathologically, a great amount of mononuclear cells infiltration, necrotic cells and few fibroblasts were observed in liver of CCl4 treated group. The present study concluded that camel milk treatment may play a protective role against CCl4-induced liver damages in rats. These protective effects were in the form of improving of liver enzyme activities, blood biochemical parameters and histological picture of liver of intoxicated rats. In the future, examination of the liver protective effect of camel milk against CCl4 in dose dependant manner could be investigated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and histopathological study in rats intoxicated with carbontetrachloride and treated with camel milk

2013

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“…Thus we assumed that BCAA may regulate glucose metabolism in cirrhosis, a condition in which blood BCAA levels are decreased. In this study, we examined whether BCAA regulated glucose metabolism in a rat model of cirrhosis, an animal model that has been shown to be glucose intolerant (20,21). To achieve this objective, we investigated the subcellular location of glucose transporters and the activity of glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscles, in which it is possible to carry out some of the substituted functions of glucose metabolism undertaken by the liver.…”

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confidence: 99%

Branched-chain amino acids improve glucose metabolism in rats with liver cirrhosis

Nishitani¹,

Takehana²,

Fujitani³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

163

136

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Nishitani, Shinobu, Kenji Takehana, Shoji Fujitani, and Ichiro Sonaka. Branched-chain amino acids improve glucose metabolism in rats with liver cirrhosis. It is well established that impaired glucose metabolism is a frequent complication in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. We previously showed that leucine, one of the branchedchain amino acids (BCAA), promotes glucose uptake under insulinfree conditions in isolated skeletal muscle from normal rats. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of BCAA on glucose metabolism in a rat model of CCl4-induced cirrhosis (CCl4 rats). Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on BCAA-treated CCl4 rats. In the CCl4 rats, treatment with leucine or isoleucine, but not valine, improved glucose tolerance significantly, with the effect of isoleucine being greater than the effect of leucine. Glucose uptake experiments using isolated soleus muscle from the CCl4 rats revealed that leucine and isoleucine, but not valine, promoted glucose uptake under insulinfree conditions. To clarify the mechanism of the blood glucoselowering effects of BCAA, we collected soleus muscles from BCAAtreated CCl4 rats with or without a glucose load. These samples were used to determine the subcellular location of glucose transporter proteins and glycogen synthase (GS) activity. Oral administration of leucine or isoleucine without a glucose load induced GLUT4 and GLUT1 translocation to the plasma membrane. GS activity was augmented only in leucine-treated rats and was completely inhibited by rapamycin, an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin. In summary, we found that leucine and isoleucine improved glucose metabolism in CCl4 rats by promoting glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. This effect occurred as a result of upregulation of GLUT4 and GLUT1 and also by mammalian target of rapamycin-dependent activation of GS in skeletal muscle. From these results, we consider that BCAA treatment may have beneficial effects on glucose metabolism in cirrhotic patients. mammalian target of rapamycin; glycogen synthase; GLUT4; GLUT1; rat model of carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis IT HAS LONG BEEN RECOGNIZED that cirrhosis is associated with impaired glucose metabolism, with the majority of patients (60 -80%) being glucose intolerant and 10 -15% eventually developing overt diabetes mellitus (24). The characteristics of glucose intolerance in cirrhotic patients are unusual, because although these patients exhibit fasting hypoglycemia, they also have postprandial hyperglycemia and continuous hyperinsulinemia (11). Despite being hyperinsulinemic, many cirrhotic individuals have impaired glucose tolerance or are overtly diabetic.Hyperinsulinemia in the face of hyperglycemia suggests the presence of insulin resistance (6,26,30). In this condition, it is believed that postprandial glucose uptake is not carried out promptly in insulin-sensitive tissues, such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, and that glycogen synthesis is not promoted in skeletal muscle or liver. Indeed, there is considerable eviden...

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“…Various complications can be seen after administering poisonous products [35]. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a plant that grows in Asia and Africa's desert and hot semi-arid zones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective and Antioxidant Capacity of Date Palm Seeds (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) on Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Ghania¹

2023

FARMACIA

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In recent years, the population has preferred using phytopharmaceutical products to reduce the complications involving xenobiotics in various pathologies. This study aimed to evaluate the antitoxic activity of three varieties of Phoenix dactyliferaL. Seeds in vivo, namely Deglet Nour, Mech-Degla, and Ghars. Doses of 200 mg/kg bw/day of their extracts were administered to male Wistar albino rats intoxicated using 50% of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The results were compared to silymarin. After 15 days, rats were sacrificed, blood samples were collected for the serum biochemical parameters analysis, and the liver was removed for the oxidative stress enzymes analysis and histopathological study. Extraction results from Deglet Nour, Mech-Deglea, and Ghars yielded different yields of 3.16%, 4.55% and 2.07%, respectively. However, the Deglet Nour variety had the highest antioxidant power with an IC50 of 0.231 compared to the other extracts. The polyphenolic contents range between 189.42 and 246.57 mg GAE/mL. Generally, the studied varieties showed exciting results with their regulatory capacity against the serum enzymes rates of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) that were disturbed by the CCl4 treatment in addition to the biochemical parameters such as; total protein, glucose levels, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The examined enzymes for oxidative stress were malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). Several unusual activities were seen in the rats treated with the different seed extracts as a response to the intoxication generated by the administered xenobiotic. The active compounds in the three varieties of date palm seeds outperformed silymarin in terms of regulating power in some metrics. Histological changes accompanied the metabolic response of treated rats to the various extracts. A remarkable inflammation in the liver tissue was observed in the control group. At the same time, the raw extracts of date seeds have proved their capacity to minimize rashes, and the serum biochemical results were similar to the conducted histological study. RezumatUtilizarea produselor fitofarmaceutice a crescut în ultimii ani, populația alegând această opțiune terapeutică în defavoarea xenobioticelor și a reacțiilor adverse pe care le implică administrarea acestora în diverse patologii. Acest studiu a avut ca scop evaluarea activității antitoxice a trei soiuri de Phoenix dactylifera L. Seeds in vivo, și anume Deglet Nour, Mech-Degla și Ghars. Au fost administrate doze de 200 mg/kg corp/zi din cele 3 extracte la șobolani Wistar Albino masculi intoxicați în prealabil cu tetraclorură de carbon 50% (CCl4), folosindu-se ca și control silimarina. După 15 zile, șobolanii au fost sacrificați, li s-au recoltat probe de sânge pentru analiza parametrilor biochimici serici, iar ficatul a fost prelevat pentru analiza enzimelor de stres oxidativ și pentru studiul histopatologic. Randamentele de extracție din Deglet Nour, Mech-Degla și Ghars a...

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Carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis in rats: Influence of the acute effects of the toxin on glucose metabolism

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Biochemical and histopathological study in rats intoxicated with carbontetrachloride and treated with camel milk

Biochemical and histopathological study in rats intoxicated with carbontetrachloride and treated with camel milk

Branched-chain amino acids improve glucose metabolism in rats with liver cirrhosis

Protective and Antioxidant Capacity of Date Palm Seeds (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) on Hepatotoxicity in Rats

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