Carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles as catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Liu, Zhaolin; Gan, L. M.; Hong, Liang; Chen, Weixiang; Lee, Jim Yang

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.07.012

Cited by 287 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…On the other hand, a previous effort of Glora et al [226] to make electrodes with carbon aerogels was not successful as the power density observed with such electrodes was a factor of 6 lower than conventional electrodes. This is in contrast to the observations of Liu et al [224]. The difference is due to the Pt particle size of 20-30 nm, which is 5-10 times larger than the particle size obtained by Liu et al [224].…”

Section: Electrode Catalystcontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…This is in contrast to the observations of Liu et al [224]. The difference is due to the Pt particle size of 20-30 nm, which is 5-10 times larger than the particle size obtained by Liu et al [224].…”

Section: Electrode Catalystcontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…The CNTs are expected to facilitate charge transfer and therefore enhance the performance of fuel cells. Liu et al [224] prepared two Pt/C catalysts consisting of Pt nanoparticles (2-6 nm) supported on carbon black and CNT with 20 wt.% metal loading (Fig. 34).…”

Section: Electrode Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in the application of nanotechnology in enabling a ‘hydrogen economy’

2008

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Hydrogen is gaining a great deal of attention as an energy carrier as well as an alternative fuel. However, in order to fully implement the so called 'hydrogen economy' significant technical challenges need to be overcome in the fields of production and storage of hydrogen and its point of use especially in fuel cells for the automotive industry. The purpose of this review is to present and discuss recent advances in the use of nanomaterials for solar hydrogen production and on-board solid state storage of hydrogen. The role of nanotechnology in enhancing the efficiency of fuel cells and reducing their cost is also discussed.

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Section: Electrode Catalystcontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Electrode Catalystcontrasting

confidence: 88%

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Advances in the application of nanotechnology in enabling a ‘hydrogen economy’

2008

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“…P element with Pt, Ru and Ni formed some metal phosphides, which suppressed the growth of Pt-Ru-Ni nanoparticles, resulting in the higher dispersion of Pt-Ru-Ni-P nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution. It is well known that the even distribution and a smaller particle size of the catalyst are key factors for enhancing its electrocatalytic activity and efficiency for methanol electrooxidation [23][24][25][26]. Figure 4 shows the CV curves for methanol electrooxidation on the Pt-Ru-Ni-P/C and Pt-Ru-Ni/C catalysts in a solution of 0.5 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 and 0.5 mol L -1 CH 3 OH at a scan rate of 10 mV s -1 at 25°C.…”

Section: Original Research Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Performance of Carbon Supported Pt–Ru–Ni–P as Anode Catalyst for Methanol Electrooxidation

et al. 2010

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This research is aimed to improve the activity and stability of ternary alloy Pt–Ru–Ni/C catalyst. A novel anodic catalyst for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), carbon supported Pt–Ru–Ni–P nanoparticles, has been prepared by chemical reduction method by using NaH2PO2 as a reducing agent. One glassy carbon disc working electrode is used to test the catalytic performances of the homemade catalysts by cyclic voltammetric (CV), chronoamperometric (CA) and amperometric i–t measurements in a solution of 0.5 mol L–1 H2SO4 and 0.5 mol L–1 CH3OH. The compositions, particle sizes and morphology of home‐made catalysts are evaluated by means of energy dispersive analysis of X‐ray (EDAX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron micrographs (TEM), respectively. TEM images show that Pt–Ru–Ni–P nanoparticles have an even size distribution with an average diameter of less than 2 nm. The results of CV, CA and i–t curves indicate that the Pt–Ru–Ni–P/C catalyst shows significantly higher activity and stability for methanol electrooxidation due to the presence of non‐metal phosphorus in comparison to Pt–Ru–Ni/C one. All experimental results indicate that the addition of non‐metallic phosphorus into the Pt–Ru–Ni/C catalyst has definite value of research and practical application for enhancing the performance of DMFC.

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“…The minority Pt doublet at BE 78.0 eV corresponds to the presence of small amounts of Pt(IV) within the sample. 26,27 The absence of a Cl 2p peak at approximately 200 eV suggests the complete removal of unreacted chloroplatinic acid from the sample, indicating either complete reduction at the CNT surface or removal of any unbound species after washing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced microwave-assisted production of hybrid electrodes for energy applications

Sherrell

Razal

Nevirkovets

et al. 2010

Energy Environ. Sci.

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Carbon nanotubes are one of the most prominent materials in research for creating electrodes for portable electronics. When coupled with metallic nanoparticles the performance of carbon nanotube electrodes can be dramatically improved. Microwave reduction is an extremely rapid method for producing carbon nanotube-metallic nanoparticle composites, however, this technique has so far been limited to carbon nanotube soot. An understanding of the microwave process and the interactions of metallic nanoparticles with carbon nanotubes have allowed us to extend this promising functionalisation route to pre-formed CNT electrode architectures. Nanoparticle reduction onto preformed architectures reduces metallic nanoparticle waste as particles are not formed where there is insufficient porosity for electrochemical processes. A two-fold increase in capacitive response, stable over 500 cycles, was observed for these composites, with a maximum capacitance of 300 F g À1 observed for a carbon Nanoweb electrode.Next-generation nanostructured electrochemical devices are anticipated to play a key role in future portable electronics. Components of these devices such as supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries have attracted intense research effort. Carbon is a widely studied electrode material due to its broad abundance, ease of processing, and variety of allotropes. Of these allotropes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have proved theoretically to be one of the most promising electrode materials to date. 1,2 CNTs demonstrate phenomenal physical properties, 3,4 which make them excellent materials for use as high performance electrodes in a variety of applications. 5,6 CNT/amorphous carbon mats or 'buckypapers' are one such example of a CNT electrode structure. 7,8 Recently, the authors have reported on the

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Carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles as catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 287 publications

References 24 publications

Advances in the application of nanotechnology in enabling a ‘hydrogen economy’

Advances in the application of nanotechnology in enabling a ‘hydrogen economy’

Evaluation of the Performance of Carbon Supported Pt–Ru–Ni–P as Anode Catalyst for Methanol Electrooxidation

Advanced microwave-assisted production of hybrid electrodes for energy applications

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