Carbon supported g-C3N4 for electrochemical sensing of hydrazine

Abstract

This study reports a synthesis of carbon supported graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4-KBC) obtained by pyrolysis of melamine with Ketjenblack 600JD carbon (KBC) at 550°C for 4 h in a N2 atmosphere. g-C3N4-KBC oxidizes hydrazine at an onset potential 0.145 V vs. SCE close to the thermodynamic standard potential of hydrazine (0.23 V vs. SHE). In comparison to the controls, KBC and g-C3N4, g-C3N4-KBC oxidizes hydrazine at lower overpotential.Most research has tended to focus on transition metal-based catalysts and few are of carbon material such as graphene nanoflakes, graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes. A comparison in terms of sensitivity, detection range and stability reveals g-C3N4-KBC electrode’s superiority over other carbon material-based catalysts. To the best of our knowledge, the g-C3N4-KBC catalyst is not reported for sensing hydrazine in the literature.

Synthesis of Magnetite Nanorods from the Reduction of Iron Oxy-Hydroxide with Hydrazine

“…Hydrazine hydrolyzes to form N 2 H 5 + (hydrazinium ion) and OH – ions . The standard reduction potential ( E ° ) of N 2 H 5 + /N 2 [+0.23 V vs standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)] , is lower than that of Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ (+0.77 V vs SHE), which results in the reduction of Fe 3+ ions. Hydrazine reduces enough of the Fe 3+ ions of β-FeOOH at an amount of 10.8 mmol to obtain the 1:2 ratio of Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ required to produce Fe 3 O 4 .…”

Graphene-Carbon Nitride Based Electrochemical Sensors for Toxic Chemicals

“…One step simple pyrolysis technique was employed for the preparation of carbon supported gCNNS-ketjenblack carbon (KBC) composite by utilizing melamine and KBC at 550 °C for 4 h in a N 2 atmosphere. The prepared metal free carbon supported gCNNS oxidized hydrazine at lower over potential [23]. An ultrafast electrochemical sensing platform developed based on gCNNS-electrochemically deposited poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) composite which was fabricated through in-situ electropolymerization [24].…”

Rod-Shaped Spinel Co3O4 and Carbon Nitride Heterostructure-Modified Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Electrode as an Electrochemical Transducer for Efficient Sensing of Hydrazine

“…42,43 It is an emerging material in electrochemical sensing, but its application in HA detection is limited to only two studies. 40,44 Dai et al reported a flowerlike Co 3 O 4 /GCNmodified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to detect HA, but the oxidation potential (0.5 V) is higher and detects in a narrow concentration range. Here, to further improve the performance of Co 3 O 4 for HA detection, we used the following strategies:…”

“…43 GCN can provide considerable electrocatalytic sites and has a lower overpotential for HA oxidation. 44 Co 3 O 4 /GCN hybrids have structural and compositional advantages, such as more active sites are exposed and charge transfer is fast. They benefit from the GCN layers anchored on Co 3 O 4 rods; it is expected that they enable highly sensitive oxidation of HA.…”

“…The attachment of GCN to Co 3 O 4 increases the active sites, improves the hydrophilicity of the material, and enhances the interaction with the analyte . GCN can provide considerable electrocatalytic sites and has a lower overpotential for HA oxidation …”