Carbon storage and burial in thermokarst lakes of permafrost peatlands

Manasypov, Rinat M.; Lim, Artem G.; Krickov, Ivan V.; Shirokova, Liudmila S.; Шевченко, В. П.; Алиев, Р. А.; Karlsson, Jan; Pokrovsky, Oleg S.

doi:10.1007/s10533-022-00914-y

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…By studying the upper 20 cm sediment layer and its density (Manasypov et al., 2022), we strengthened the proposed relationship between lake size and aerobic CH 4 oxidation in sediments. The average CH 4 oxidation potential increased from small lakes (0.48 ± 0.1 mmol∙C‐CH 4 m −2 day −1 ) to medium lakes (0.63 ± 0.2 mmol∙C‐CH 4 m −2 day −1 ) and large lakes (1.82 ± 0.1 mmol∙C‐CH 4 m −2 day −1 ) (Figure 6).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…tribution of thermokarst lakes to the aerobic CH 4 oxidation and mitigation potential of sediment down to 20 cm depth in large, shallow and well mixed lakes.4.2 | Contribution of aerobic CH 4 oxidation in thermokarst lake sediments to CH 4 mitigationBy studying the upper 20 cm sediment layer and its density(Manasypov et al, 2022), we strengthened the proposed relationship between lake size and aerobic CH 4 oxidation in sediments.The average CH 4 oxidation potential increased from small lakes (0.48 ± 0.1 mmol•C-CH 4 m −2 day −1 ) to medium lakes (0.63 ± 0.2 mmol• C-CH 4 m −2 day −1 ) and large lakes (1.82 ± 0.1 mmol•C-CH 4 m −2 day −1 )…”

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confidence: 60%

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Size matters: Aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of shallow thermokarst lakes

Manasypov,

Fan,

Lim

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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Shallow thermokarst lakes are important sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) resulting from continuous permafrost thawing due to global warming. Concentrations of GHGs dissolved in water typically increase with decreasing lake size due to coastal abrasion and organic matter delivery. We hypothesized that (i) CH4 oxidation depends on the natural oxygenation gradient in the lake water and sediments and increases with lake size because of stronger wind‐induced water mixing; (ii) CO2 production increases with decreasing lake size, following the dissolved organic matter gradient; and (iii) both processes are more intensive in the upper than deeper sediments due to the in situ gradients of oxygen (O2) and bioavailable carbon. We estimated aerobic CH4 oxidation potentials and CO2 production based on the injection of 13C‐labeled CH4 in the 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm sediment depths of small (~300 m2), medium (~3000 m2), and large (~106 m2) shallow thermokarst lakes in the West Siberian Lowland. The CO2 production was 1.4–3.5 times stronger in the upper sediments than in the 10–20 cm depth and increased from large (158 ± 18 nmol CO2 g−1 sediment d.w. h−1) to medium and small (192 ± 17 nmol CO2 g−1 h−1) lakes. Methane oxidation in the upper sediments was similar in all lakes, while at depth, large lakes had 14‐ and 74‐fold faster oxidation rates (5.1 ± 0.5 nmol CH4‐derived CO2 g−1 h−1) than small and medium lakes, respectively. This was attributed to the higher O2 concentration in large lakes due to the more intense wind‐induced water turbulence and mixing than in smaller lakes. From a global perspective, the CH4 oxidation potential confirms the key role of thermokarst lakes as an important hotspot for GHG emissions, which increase with the decreasing lake size.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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confidence: 60%

Size matters: Aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of shallow thermokarst lakes

Manasypov,

Fan,

Lim

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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“…We believe that organic-rich bog water feeding the river can be responsible for positive correlations of CO 2 with DOC and aromaticity, as reflected in its optical properties. A positive correlation with dissolved N may be due to CO 2 diffusion from N-rich sediments to the water column, as it is known for thermokarst lakes of the permafrost peatlands in this region (Audry et al, 2011;Manasypov et al, 2022). Although the CH 4 concentration pattern in both the main stem and tributaries was less variable than that of CO 2 , there were positive correlations with some nutrients such as nitrate and ammonia (p < 0.01) and total phosphorus (p < 0.05).…”

Section: Concentration and Emission Patternmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…For this, we will use a "substituting space for time" approach which postulates, in a broad context, that spatial phenomena which are observed today can be used to describe past and future events (Blois et al, 2013). Such an approach has been successfully used in western Siberia (Frey and Smith, 2005) to model the possible future changes in small (Krickov et al, 2018) and medium-size rivers, lakes (Manasypov et al, 2022), soil waters (Raudina et al, 2018) and permafrost ice (Lim et al, 2021). Indeed, with permafrost boundary shift northward (Romanovsky et al, 2010) and tundra greening over next decades as it is observed generally through the Arctic and subarctic regions (Tape et al, 2006;Garcia Criado et al, 2020;Mauclet et al, 2022), the northern part of the Taz River (tundra and forest-tundra of continuous to discontinuous permafrost) can be entirely transformed into southern part-like territory of taiga and forest-tundra biome with discontinuous to sporadic permafrost.…”

Section: Carbon Evasion Compared To Lateral Export Of Riverine Carbon...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A snap-shot assessment of carbon emission and export in a pristine river draining permafrost peatlands (Taz River, Western Siberia)

Vorobyev

Pokrovsky

Korets

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Mobilization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and CO2 from the frozen peat to surface waters in the permafrost zone of high latitude regions is expected to enhance under on-going permafrost thaw and active layer thickness deepening. Here we explored one of the most remote, pristine, unregulated and yet environmentally important rivers in western Siberia (Taz). This subarctic river drains through forested and tundra peat bogs over a gradient of permafrost and climate and likely acts as an important conduit of CO2 to the atmosphere and carbon and nutrient exporter to the Arctic Ocean. In a snapshot study during end of spring flood–beginning of summer baseflow (July 2019), we monitored daytime CO2 and CH4 concentrations and measured CO2 emissions using floating chambers in the main stem (700 km from the upper reaches to the mouth) and 16 main tributaries and we also assessed day/night variations in the emissions. We further tested the impact of land cover parameters of the watershed and tributaries. Based on regular monitoring of the terminal (gauging) station, we quantified the C export to the Arctic Ocean during the study period. We revealed sizable CO2 emissions from the main stem and tributaries (1.0 ± 0.4 and 1.8 ± 0.6 g C-CO2 m−2 d−1, respectively). The CO2 concentrations positively correlated with dissolved organic carbon (DOC), whereas the CH4 concentrations could be partially controlled by dissolved nutrients (N, P) and proportion of light coniferous forest at the watershed. The overall C emission from the water surfaces (4,845 km2) of the Taz basin (150,000 km2) during open water period (6 months, May to October) was estimated as 0.92 Tg C (>99.5% C-CO2, <0.5% C-CH4) which is twice higher than the total dissolved C (organic and inorganic) riverine export flux during the same period. Applying a “substituting space for time” approach for northern and southern parts of the river basin, we suggest that the current riverine CO2 emission may increase 2 to 3 fold in the next decades due to on-going climate warming and permafrost thaw. When integrating the obtained results into global models of C and biogeochemical cycle in the Arctic and subarctic region, the use of the Taz River as a representative example of continental planes should help to estimate the consequences of frozen peatland thaw on CO2 cycle in the Arctic and subarctic regions.

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“…Previously locked organic materials in frozen soil are sealed underwater and part of the organic carbon is released into the atmosphere mainly in the form of CH 4 (Zimov et al, 1997;Heslop et al, 2020). Surrounding permafrost soil and thermokarst lake sediments are two distinct fates of pristine permafrost during thermokarst processes, which have been intensified by climate warming (Audry et al, 2011;Loiko et al, 2020;Manasypov et al, 2022). As a result of persistent and accelerating climate warming, a large number of new thermokarst lakes are formed and the old ones are expanding in coverage (Luo et al, 2015;Veremeeva et al, 2021), indicating considerable transformation from permafrost soil to thermokarst lake sediment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From permafrost soil to thermokarst lake sediment: A view from C:N:P stoichiometry

Ren

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Thermokarst lakes are formed as a result of thawing ice-rich permafrost, transforming vast permafrost soil into lake sediment and changing the biogeochemistry of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). Degraded permafrost soil and thermokarst lake sediment are two distinct fates of pristine permafrost in the thermokarst processes. However, we do not clearly understand the differences and relationships between degraded permafrost soil and thermokarst lake sediment from a stoichiometric perspective. In this study, 44 thermokarst lakes across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were investigated to collect lake sediment and surrounding degraded permafrost soil. In general, C, N, and P concentrations as well as C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios in soil and sediment decreased with increasing latitude, while increased with increasing mean annual precipitation. The degraded permafrost soil had much higher C, N, and P concentrations and C:N:P stoichiometric ratios than the lake sediment, particularly for C. Moreover, the concentrations of C, N, and P, as well as the ratios of C:P and N:P in sediment showed significant positive relationships with their corresponding components in soil but with different slopes. Standard major axis regression showed allometric scaling relationships between C, N, and P. The C:N:P ratio was 269:18:1 in degraded permafrost soil and 178:15:1 in lake sediment. The results suggest that the process from pristine permafrost to lake sediment releases more C, N, and P than the process from pristine permafrost to degraded permafrost soil, and that C changes more profoundly than N and P. Moreover, thermokarst processes substantially change the elemental balance and decouple the C:N:P relationship between degraded permafrost soil and lake sediment, suggesting that the further transformation from degraded permafrost soil to lake sediment will lose more C, which can be intensified by increasing precipitation. The results enriched our understanding of the variations in C, N, and P biogeochemistry during thermokarst processes.

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Carbon storage and burial in thermokarst lakes of permafrost peatlands

Cited by 13 publications

References 71 publications

Size matters: Aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of shallow thermokarst lakes

Size matters: Aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of shallow thermokarst lakes

A snap-shot assessment of carbon emission and export in a pristine river draining permafrost peatlands (Taz River, Western Siberia)

From permafrost soil to thermokarst lake sediment: A view from C:N:P stoichiometry

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