Carbon stocks in primary and secondary tropical forests in Singapore

Ngo, Kang Min; Turner, Benjamín L.; Muller‐Landau, Helene C.; Davies, Stuart J.; Larjavaara, Markku; Hassan, Nik Faizu bin Nik; Lum, Shawn

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2013.02.004

Cited by 150 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…1). Such similar trend was also reported where higher number of large trees over 30 cm dbh will contribute to the higher aboveground biomass and carbon for primary forest when compared to the secondary forest in Singapore (Ngo et al 2013). Furthermore, this could be due to the effect of higher site fertility index at similar site as reported by Akbar et al (2010) compared to other study plots.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Regression analysis showed that the tree carbon increase significantly with age (p≤0.01) ( Table 2). These values are comparable to those reported for natural regenerating secondary forest in this region which ranges from 4.0-59.4 tC/ha (Hashimotio et al 2000;Kenzo et al 2010) but lower compared to those reported for lowland and hill dipterocarps in Asia (Laumonier et al 2010;Lu et al 2010;Ngo et al 2013).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Regression analysis show insignificant relationships between ages of stand and soil carbon (Table 2). These results are comparable to 8-year-old plantation in Vietnam and less than 7 year-old rehabilitated forest in Sarawak which ranged from 18.7-56.6 tC/ha (Ch'ng et al 2011 ;Sang et al 2013) but fall slightly lower that the value range (55.9-102.0 tC/ha) of the carbon stock as reported for secondary forest such as in young secondary forest in tropical regions (FAO 2010;Lu et al 2010;Fonseca et al 2011;Toriyama et al 2011;Ngo et al 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The presence of forest as in the older rehabilitated forest restored the soil organic matter as this forest provides organic matter inputs in the form of above-and belowground litter. Studies conducted in primary forest, Singapore found that the soil carbon contributed 33% in contrast to 52% in secondary forest (Ngo et al 2013). As for the soil carbon stock, there was a weak relationship with age (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comparable soil carbon stock could be associated with the increase in fine root biomass which was due to the vegetation clearing prior planting. This is where the fine root turnover contributes to the increase in soil carbon stocks in a secondary forest in Singapore (Ngo et al 2013). The aboveground biomass and carbon recovery is crucial for the increase in soil carbon storage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Assessment of Carbon Stock in Chronosequence Rehabilitated Tropical Forest Stands in Malaysia

Kueh¹,

Majid²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2016

Journal of Forest and Environmental Science

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The loss and degradation in tropical forest region are some of the current global concern. Hence, these issues elevated the role of rehabilitated forests in providing ecological products and services. The information on the carbon stock is important in relation to global carbon and biomass use, but lacking from the tropical region. This paper reports the assessment of tree and soil carbon stock in a chronosequence rehabilitated tropical forest stands in Malaysia. The study site was at the UPM-Mitsubishi Forest Rehabilitation Project, UPMKB. 20×20 m plot was established each and assessed in 2009 at 1-, 10-and 19-year-old sites while an adjacent ±23-year-old natural regenerating secondary forest plot was established for comparison. The overall total carbon stock was in the order of 19-year-old＞±23-year-old＞ 10-year-old＞1-year-old. When forest carbon stock is low, the soil component plays an important role in the carbon storage. The forest carbon recovery is crucial to increase soil carbon stock. The variations in the carbon stock showed the different stages of the forest recovery. Species survived after 19-years of planting are potential species for carbon sequestration activities in rehabilitated forest. Human intervention in rehabilitating degraded forest areas through tree planting initiatives is crucial towards recovering the forest ecological role especially in forest carbon stock capacity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Assessment of Carbon Stock in Chronosequence Rehabilitated Tropical Forest Stands in Malaysia

Kueh¹,

Majid²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2016

Journal of Forest and Environmental Science

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Spatiotemporal variability of soil respiration in a seasonal tropical forest

Rubio

Detto

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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We monitored soil CO 2 effluxes for over 3 years in a seasonally wet tropical forest in Central Panama using automated and manual measurements from 2013 to 2016. The measurements displayed a high degree of spatial and temporal variability. Temporal variability could be largely explained by surface soil water dynamics over a broad range of temporal scales. Soil moisture was responsible for seasonal cycles, diurnal cycles, intraseasonal variability such as rain‐induced pulses following dry spells, as well as suppression during near saturated conditions, and ultimately, interannual variability. Spatial variability, which remains largely unexplained, revealed an emergent role of forest structure in conjunction with physical drivers such as soil temperature and topography. Mean annual soil CO 2 effluxes (±SE) amounted to 1,613 (±59) gC m−2 year−1 with an increasing trend in phase with an El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle which culminated with the strong 2015–2016 event. We attribute this trend to a relatively mild wet season during which soil saturated conditions were less persistent.

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Evaluating the ability of community‐protected forests in Cambodia to prevent deforestation and degradation using temporal remote sensing data

Singh

Evans

Chevance³

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Community forests are known to play an important role in preserving forests in Cambodia, a country that has seen rapid deforestation in recent decades. The detailed evaluation of the ability of community‐protected forests to retain forest cover and prevent degradation in Cambodia will help to guide future conservation management. In this study, a combination of remotely sensing data was used to compare the temporal variation in forest structure for six different community forests located in the Phnom Kulen National Park (PKNP) in Cambodia and to assess how these dynamics vary between community‐protected forests and a wider study area. Medium‐resolution Landsat, ALOS PALSAR data, and high‐resolution LiDAR data were used to study the spatial distribution of forest degradation patterns and their impacts on above‐ground biomass (AGB) changes. Analysis of the remotely sensing data acquired at different spatial resolutions revealed that between 2012 and 2015, the community forests had higher forest cover persistence and lower rates of forest cover loss compared to the entire study area. Furthermore, they faced lower encroachment from cashew plantations compared to the wider landscape. Four of the six community forests showed a recovery in canopy gap fractions and subsequently, an increase in the AGB stock. The levels of degradation decreased in forests that had an increase in AGB values. However, all community forests experienced an increase in understory damage as a result of selective tree removal, and the community forests with the sharpest increase in understory damage experienced AGB losses. This is the first time multitemporal high‐resolution LiDAR data have been used to analyze the impact of human‐induced forest degradation on forest structure and AGB. The findings of this work indicate that while community‐protected forests can improve conservation outcomes to some extent, more interventions are needed to curb the illegal selective logging of valuable timber trees.

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Carbon stocks in primary and secondary tropical forests in Singapore

Cited by 150 publications

References 44 publications

Assessment of Carbon Stock in Chronosequence Rehabilitated Tropical Forest Stands in Malaysia

Assessment of Carbon Stock in Chronosequence Rehabilitated Tropical Forest Stands in Malaysia

Spatiotemporal variability of soil respiration in a seasonal tropical forest

Evaluating the ability of community‐protected forests in Cambodia to prevent deforestation and degradation using temporal remote sensing data

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