Carbon Sphere Template Derived Hollow Nanostructure for Photocatalysis and Gas Sensing

Abstract

As a green and preferred technology for energy crisis and environmental issues, continuous research on photocatalysis and gas sensing has come forth at an explosive rate. Thus far, promising synthetic methods have enabled various designs and preparations of semiconductor-based nanostructure which have shown superior activity. This review summarized various synthetic routines toward carbon sphere template derived hollow nanostructures and their successful attempts in synthesize doping, solid solution, heterostructure, and surface modified nanostructures for heterogeneous photocatalysis and gas sensing. Moreover, the challenges and future prospects are briefly discussed. It is eagerly anticipated that this review may broaden the view and in-depth understanding of carbon sphere template derived hollow nanostructures while expected to have further progresses in heterogeneous photocatalysis, gas sensing and other related fields which will make great contributions to their application.

Carbon-Based Electrocatalyst Design with Phytic Acid—A Versatile Biomass-Derived Modifier of Functional Materials

“…Although silica is the most commonly used hard template, other materials—such as inorganic salts or oxides (e.g., NaCl, KCl, MgO, CaCO 3 ) [ 85 ], carbon spheres [ 86 ], and organic polymer spheres [ 87 , 88 ]—can also effectively play this role. One interesting example of a hard template is rubidium chloride [ 52 ], which can be mixed with PA to afford aggregated, spherical carbon particles (<30 μm) after annealing at 800 °C.…”

Description of Photodegradation Mechanisms and Structural Characteristics in Carbon@Titania Yolk–Shell Nanostructures by XAS

“…Synthesis of Carbon@Titania Yolk-Shell Nanostructures: Carbon spheres were prepared by hydrothermal process. [27][28][29] Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 , 99.5%, Sigma Aldrich) was first dissolved in deionized water and stirred. The transparent glucose solution was heated to 200 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C min −1 and further maintained for 4 h. The black powder obtained was washed and centrifuged with deionized water and ethanol.…”

Miniatured Fluidics-Mediated Modular Self-Assembly of Anticancer Drug–Amino Acid Composite Microbowls for Combined Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy in Glioma

“…Additionally, hollow structures having a bowl-like shape would provide more adsorption or reaction sites for bioactive molecules to get encapsulated at lower densities . However, most of the studies reported on the formation of hollow structures entirely depended on template-based approaches, which were more tedious, time-consuming, and non-environmentally friendly. , Hence, it would be worthwhile to resort to alternate methods such as polymeric self-assembly as a simplistic strategy to prepare hollow structures such as bowl-shaped nano/microparticles to overcome the aforesaid drawbacks. , Additionally, the formation of bowl-shaped structures from biocompatible molecules like amino acids or peptides can be further beneficial in the field of drug delivery. Following this, a recently published study by our group represented a new microfluidic-based flow fabrication method to form self-assembled single amino acid (Fmoc-Cys­(Trt)-OH)-based nanobowls (NBs).…”

“…7 However, most of the studies reported on the formation of hollow structures entirely depended on templatebased approaches, which were more tedious, time-consuming, and non-environmentally friendly. 8,9 Hence, it would be worthwhile to resort to alternate methods such as polymeric self-assembly as a simplistic strategy to prepare hollow structures such as bowl-shaped nano/microparticles to overcome the aforesaid drawbacks. 10,11 Additionally, the formation of bowl-shaped structures from biocompatible molecules like amino acids or peptides can be further beneficial in the field of drug delivery.…”