Carbon Sequestration to Avoid Soil Degradation: A Review on the Role of Conservation Tillage

Hussain, Sadam; Hussain, Saddam; Guo, Ru; Sarwar, Muhammad Kaleem; Ren, Xiaolong; Krstić, Đorđe; Aslam, Zubair; Zulfiqar, Usman; Hano, Christophe; El‐Esawi, Mohamed A.

doi:10.3390/plants10102001

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…The adaptability of the conservation tillage system, such as the residue incorporation and minimum tillage, can increase soil organic matter (SOM), improve soil physical and biological conditions, and prevent soil degradation [14,15]. Conservation tillage, which involves multiple tillage operations, including zero and minimumtillage, has been considered as a potential measure to reduce structure degradation, minimize the loss of organic matter, and ultimately improve soil quality [16][17][18]. The combined effect of conservation tillage and straw retention on the accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) content was reported to be greater than the sole effect of conservation tillage with straw retention or incorporation into the soil [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Zero and Minimum Tillage on Cotton Productivity and Soil Characteristics under Different Nitrogen Application Rates

Khan

Khan²,

Goheer³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Long-term conservation tillage and straw incorporation are reported to improve the soil health, growth, and yield traits of crops; however, little is known regarding the optimal nitrogen (N) supply under conservation tillage with straw incorporation. The present study evaluated the effects of conservation tillage practices (ZTsas: zero tillage plus wheat straw on the soil surface as such, and MTsi: minimum tillage plus wheat straw incorporated) and different N application rates (50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha−1) on the yield and quality traits of cotton and soil characteristics in a five-year field experiment. The results showed that ZTsas produced a higher number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield, 100-seed weight, ginning out-turn (GOT), fiber length, and strength than MTsi. Among different N application rates, the maximum number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield, GOT, 100-seed weight, fiber length, strength, and micronaire were recorded at 150 kg N ha−1. Averaged over the years, tillage × N revealed that ZTsas had a higher boll number plant−1, boll weight, 100-seed weight, GOT, fiber length, and strength with N application at 150 kg ha−1, as compared to other tillage systems. Based on the statistical results, there is no significant difference in total soil N and soil organic matter among different N rates. Further, compared to MTsi, ZTsas recorded higher soil organic matter (SOM, 8%), total soil N (TSN, 29%), water-stable aggregates (WSA, 8%), and mean weight diameter (MWD, 28.5%), particularly when the N application of 150 kg ha−1. The fiber fineness showed that ZTsas had no adverse impact on fiber fineness compared with MTsi. These results indicate that ZTsas with 150 kg N ha−1 may be the optimum and most sustainable approach to improve cotton yield and soil quality in the wheat–cotton system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Zero and Minimum Tillage on Cotton Productivity and Soil Characteristics under Different Nitrogen Application Rates

Khan

Khan²,

Goheer³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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“…Furthermore, it may also be due to less tillage occurring in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Tibet. Less tillage can effectively increase the contents of soil organic matter and other nutrients [20][21][22]. The contents of TN, TK, and TP in cropland exceeded those in grassland, which further confirmed that less tillage can effectively promote soil nutrients in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Tibet.…”

Section: Tillage Alters the Variation In Soil Physicochemical Propert...mentioning

confidence: 60%

Tillage Promotes the Migration and Coexistence of Bacteria Communities from an Agro-Pastoral Ecotone of Tibet

et al. 2022

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In the Tibetan agro-pastoral ecotone, which has an altitude of 4000 m above sea level, small-scale cropland tillage has been exploited on the grassland surrounding the houses of farmers and herdsmen. However, knowledge of the effects of land change from grassland to cropland on soil nutrients and microbial communities is poor. Here, we investigated the structure and assembly mechanism of bacterial communities in cropland (tillage) and grassland (non-tillage) from an agro-pastoral ecotone of Tibet. Results indicated that soil nutrients and composition of bacterial communities changed dramatically in the process of land-use change from grassland to cropland. The pH value and the content of total nitrogen, organic material, total potassium, and total phosphorus in cropland soil were well above those in grassland soil, whereas the soil bulk density and ammonia nitrogen content in grassland soil were higher than those in cropland soil. Proteobacteria (30.5%) and Acidobacteria (21.7%) were the key components in cropland soil, whereas Proteobacteria (31.5%) and Actinobacteria (27.7%) were the main components in grassland soils. Tillage promotes uniformity of bacterial communities in cropland soils. In particular, the higher migration rate may increase the coexistence patterns of the bacterial community in cropland soils. These results also suggest that the tillage promotes the migration and coexistence of bacterial communities in the grassland soil of an agro-pastoral ecotone. In addition, the stochastic process was the dominant assembly pattern of the bacterial community in cropland, whereas, in grassland soil, the community assembly was more deterministic. These findings provide new insights into the changes in soil nutrients and microbial communities during the conversion of grassland to cropland in the agro-pastoral ecotone.

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“…In this study, the deep application of fertilizers regulated P5C, P5CS and proline in the leaves and grains at the tillering, heading and maturity stages during the two year-long growing seasons, following the rainfall trend (Figure 1). This shows that under the current conditions of climate change, the 10 cm intake depth is better adapted to the growth and quality traits of aromatic rice [59]. In addition, it should be noted that the activity of the enzymes P5C and P5CS, as well as the proline contents, followed the same trend as the 2AP content in different plant tissues (leaves, grains) of the rice plant at the tillering, heading and maturity stages of the grains (Figures 4-6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Fertilizer Deep Placement Significantly Affected Yield, Rice Quality, 2-AP Biosynthesis and Physiological Characteristics of the Fragrant Rice Cultivars

et al. 2022

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The management of fertilizers in a context of climate change and the preservation of the environment is strongly related to the regulation and accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in fragrant rice. However, the feasibility of such management strategies in terms of enhancing the accumulation of 2AP has not yet been explored in aromatic cultivars. Here, we investigated the impact of the application of two fertilizers at three depth (surface, 5 cm and 10 cm) levels of placements to improve the aromatic rice quality, including such aspects as the 2AP content-, protein-, amylose- and yield-related traits. For this purpose, two known rice cultivars, Basmati 385 (B-385) and Yunjingyou (YJY), were grown in pots during 2019 and 2020 under fluctuating climates. The deep application of fertilizer at 10 cm significantly affected the 2AP content with such values as 127.53 μg kg−1 and 111.91 μg kg−1 obtained for Fragrant Fertilizer (FF) and Urea in B-385 cultivar, and 126.5 μg kg−1 and 114.24 μg kg−1 being observed for FF and Urea in YJY, respectively, during 2019. In addition, values of 108.41 μg kg−1 and 117.35 μg kg−1 were recorded for FF and Urea in B-385, while 125.91-μg kg−1 and 90.71-μg kg−1 were measured for FF and Urea in YJY, respectively, during 2020. Similarly, B-385 had better 2AP content and yield-related traits, as well as amylose content and cooked rice elongation, as compared to the YJY rice cultivar. The 2AP accumulation and its related biochemical parameters, and their relationships in different plant tissues at different growth stages under FF and Urea treatments, were also improved. Further, the 2AP content and the P5C activity demonstrated strong correlations during the grain filling periods in both fragrant rice cultivars. In conclusion, our findings have the potential to provide useful information to farmers and agriculture extension workers in terms of the saving of fertilizers and the improvement of rice grain quality under fluctuating climate conditions.

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Carbon Sequestration to Avoid Soil Degradation: A Review on the Role of Conservation Tillage

Cited by 40 publications

References 149 publications

Effect of Zero and Minimum Tillage on Cotton Productivity and Soil Characteristics under Different Nitrogen Application Rates

Effect of Zero and Minimum Tillage on Cotton Productivity and Soil Characteristics under Different Nitrogen Application Rates

Tillage Promotes the Migration and Coexistence of Bacteria Communities from an Agro-Pastoral Ecotone of Tibet

Fertilizer Deep Placement Significantly Affected Yield, Rice Quality, 2-AP Biosynthesis and Physiological Characteristics of the Fragrant Rice Cultivars

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