Carbon sequestration in the U.S. forest sector from 1990 to 2010

Woodbury, Peter B.; Smith, James E.; Heath, Linda S.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.12.008

Cited by 230 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Across the 2.2 million ha forest in southern New England, US Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data indicate that forest NPP and aboveground C storage are 4.8 ± 0.18 Tg C y −1 and 179 ± 2.9 Tg C, respectively (18). However, although the FIA data (Table S3) are commonly used to quantify forest growth and C storage at regional to national scales [e.g., the work by Woodbury et al (27)], FIA sampling was not designed to capture the effects of edges and fragmentation on forest growth and biomass. Across southern New England, 9.6% and 17.8% of the forest are within 10 and 20 m of the forest's edge, respectively ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge effects enhance carbon uptake and its vulnerability to climate change in temperate broadleaf forests

Reinmann

Hutyra

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

103

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Forest fragmentation is a ubiquitous, ongoing global phenomenon with profound impacts on the growing conditions of the world's remaining forest. The temperate broadleaf forest makes a large contribution to the global terrestrial carbon sink but is also the most heavily fragmented forest biome in the world. We use field measurements and geospatial analyses to characterize carbon dynamics in temperate broadleaf forest fragments. We show that forest growth and biomass increase by 89 ± 17% and 64 ± 12%, respectively, from the forest interior to edge, but ecosystem edge enhancements are not currently captured by models or approaches to quantifying regional C balance. To the extent that the findings from our research represent the forest of southern New England in the United States, we provide a preliminary estimate that edge growth enhancement could increase estimates of the region's carbon uptake and storage by 13 ± 3% and 10 ± 1%, respectively. However, we also find that forest growth near the edge declines three times faster than that in the interior in response to heat stress during the growing season. Using climate projections, we show that future heat stress could reduce the forest edge growth enhancement by one-third by the end of the century. These findings contrast studies of edge effects in the world's other major forest biomes and indicate that the strength of the temperate broadleaf forest carbon sink and its capacity to mitigate anthropogenic carbon emissions may be stronger, but also more sensitive to climate change than previous estimates suggest.climate change | forest fragmentation | land cover change | terrestrial carbon cycle | tree growth D espite advances in measurement and remote sensing methods for carbon (C) accounting, considerable uncertainty remains in estimates of the global forest C sink and the C implications of deforestation (1-4). Expansion of agricultural and developed land has reduced global forest cover by one-third (5) and led to emissions of up to 146 Pg C to the atmosphere since 1850 (3). These changes in land cover and land use have also resulted in widespread landscape fragmentation, with 20% of the world's remaining forest within 100 m of a forest's edge (6). Compared with the forest interior, forest edges often experience altered growing conditions because of novel microenvironment conditions that typically include higher temperatures, vapor pressure deficit, wind, and availability of resources, such as light and nutrients (7-10). Consequently, the effects of deforestation on the terrestrial C cycle extend into adjacent forest fragments (10-12), with a growing body of research from tropical rainforests (10), temperate rainforests (11), and boreal forests (12) showing widespread increases in tree mortality and reductions in biomass near the forest's edge. Edges were recently associated with a 10% reduction in tropical forest C density (13), which highlights the importance of considering landscape fragmentation when quantifying regional C balance (14). Furthermore, the potentia...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge effects enhance carbon uptake and its vulnerability to climate change in temperate broadleaf forests

Reinmann

Hutyra

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

103

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“…Since then, fire suppression and forest renewal in abandoned farmland have reversed the trend and forests have become carbon sinks (Houghton et al, 1999). Woodbury et al (2007) found that total U.S. carbon stocks had increased since 1990 and were expected to continue increasing through 2010. In contrast, Pacala et al (2001) reported a stable carbon sink in the continental U.S. (excluding Alaska), with similar values for 1980-1989 and 1990-1994.…”

Section: Forest Management and Carbon Sequestration During The Last Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Carbon Sequestration: The Impact of Forest Management

Bravo

Rı́o

Bravo‐Oviedo

et al. 2017

Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change

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“…No entanto, elas podem sofrer alterações em resposta aos eventos de estresse, que ocorrem em anos mais secos (Castilho et al, 2006). A taxa média de mortalidade anual durante o período estudado foi de 2,6% na parcela A e de 3,7% na parcela B. Referidas taxas são similares àquelas encontradas na literatura; por exemplo, Hu & Wang (2008) obtiveram taxas anuais de 1,03% com desvio padrão de ± 0,38% em florestas tropicais úmidas de terra firme na Amazônia; por outro lado, Woodbury et al (2007) Assim, os valores da biomassa da parcela A e da precipitação pluvial praticamente não variaram ao longo do período de estudo; entretanto, a biomassa das árvores da parcela B decresceu significativamente no mesmo período, resultado que confirma a hipótese original deste trabalho, de que a exclusão …”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Impactos da redução da pluviometria na biomassa aérea da Floresta Amazônica

Chagas¹,

Silva²,

Costa³

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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R ESU M OEste estudo foi desenvolvido na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, Brasil, com o objetivo de se analisar os efeitos da redução da precipitação pluvial na biomassa aérea e a mortalidade das árvores na área basal de uma floresta tropical, dentro do Projeto ESECAFLOR (LBA). Utilizaram-se duas parcelas experimentais, cada uma medindo um hectare de floresta tropical, sendo a parcela A submetida às condições normais do clima e a parcela B com exclusão de aproximadamente 90% das chuvas. As análises dos parâmetros de crescimento da floresta apresentadas neste estudo, se referem aos dados mensais obtidos durante o período experimental de 2005 a 2009, nas duas parcelas experimentais. Os resultados desta pesquisa permitem concluir que a redução da precipitação pluvial sobre a floresta afeta significativamente todos os parâmetros de crescimento das árvores, cuja principal evidência é de que o efeito da exclusão de chuva provoca redução da área basal florestal, em especial daquelas com diâmetro a altura de peito maior que 10 cm. Os resultados também indicam que o aumento na taxa de mortalidade das árvores e a consequente perda de biomassa vegetal, são maiores na área com exclusão de chuva que nas florestas submetidas às condições naturais do clima. Palavras-chave: Amazônia, LBA, área basal, mortalidade de árvores, precipitaçãoImpacts of a reduction in precipitation in the aerial biomass of the Amazon Forest A B ST R A C T This study was conducted in Caxiuanã National Forest, Pará, Brazil, to analyze the effects of decrease in rainfall on biomass, tree mortality and basal area of tropical rainforest within ESECAFLOR Project (LBA). Two experimental sectors with one hectare each of natural forest were utilized. Plot A was maintained under natural conditions of climate and Plot B with rainfall exclusion of about 90%. The growth parameters presented in this study refer to monthly data during the experimental period from 2005 to 2009 for the two experimental plots. Results showed that a decrease in rainfall affected significantly all tree growth parameters over forest. The main evidence for this is that rainfall exclusion provides a reduction in basal area especially with Diameter at Breast Height more than 10 cm. Also, an increase in both tree mortality rate and consequently loss in plant biomass are larger in forest area with rainfall exclusion than under natural conditions of climate.

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Carbon sequestration in the U.S. forest sector from 1990 to 2010

Cited by 230 publications

References 52 publications

Edge effects enhance carbon uptake and its vulnerability to climate change in temperate broadleaf forests

Edge effects enhance carbon uptake and its vulnerability to climate change in temperate broadleaf forests

Forest Carbon Sequestration: The Impact of Forest Management

Impactos da redução da pluviometria na biomassa aérea da Floresta Amazônica

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