Carbon sequestration by alga ecosystems

Nowadays, the water pollution is leading issue due to palm oil mill effluent (POME), waste from palm oil production is a big problem to Malaysia which is largest palm oil producers. POME containing large amount of chemical oxygen demand (COD) which can cause severe pollution to the environment especially water. This present study designed for culturing green algae (Chlorella sp.) isolated from Pantai Balok, Kuantan which is most common microalgae with palm oil mill effluent (POME). Chlorella sp. was cultured using BG-11 medium with the addition of POME as experiment and without POME as control. The POME responsible for the growth of green algae is studied by measurement of the growth rate, total cell count and chemical oxygen demand (COD) for both conditions. The composition for control and experiment is also measured and determined by using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). From the results, it is observed that the total cell count and growth rate of Chlorella sp. greater in presence of POME since the green microalgae absorbs the essential nutrients from the POME as their nutrients. GCMS revealed that the difference in composition for both the conditions. Results concluded that several COD also vigorously deplete with the help of green algae digestion. Cultivation of Chlorella sp. in POME will help in future water pollution treatment.

Section: Bodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturing of green photosynthetic microalgae (Chlorella sp.) using palm oil mill effluent (POME) for future biodiesel production

Nithin

Bhuyar²,

Trejo

et al. 2020

“…Microalgae not only assimilate pollutants but also generate biomass that can be used for aquaculture feed and biofuel. However, challenges remain, such as the slow growth rate of microalgae, the uncertainty of how exogenous microalgae interact with real aquaculture wastewater, and the inefficiency of current techniques in rapidly removing pollutants (Tsai et al, 2015). Research suggests that adjusting the initial inoculation dosages of specific microalgal species may speed up the treatment process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing aquaculture wastewater with Chlorella protothecoides for biodiesel and bioethanol production

Sudaporn Tongsiri,

Obaid Ahmad Bhat,

Rajeswaran Ramaraj

et al. 2023

The wastewater treatment potential of the microalga Chlorella protothecoides was investigated in the context of fish farming, and it is efficacy was further evaluated through cultivation at different inoculation levels to gauge pollutant removal efficiency. This study examines C. protothecoides for growth, nutrient removal, and biofuel potential. Climbing perch culture effluent (CPCE) mediums are employed for algal cultivation, with optical density (OD) measurements capturing growth dynamics that culminate on the 10th day in dense biomass accumulation. Nitrogen and phosphorus, key components of wastewater, exhibited substantial reduction. Ammonia concentrations decreased by 77.88%, nitrite by 93.75%, and nitrate by 95.67%. The most striking reduction was observed in phosphorus levels, with a remarkable 97.87% removal rate. Furthermore, the microalga's pigment composition was explored, showcasing high chlorophyll content, alongside significant carotenoids. High protein content (45.71 g/100 g) offers amino acids for bio-based materials and enzymatic catalysts. Carbohydrates (33.23 g/100 g) represent a valuable energy source for bioethanol production. Lipid content (8.64 g/100 g) suggests biodiesel potential, with unsaturated fatty acids comprising over 82% of the biodiesel content. The study underscores C. protothecoides's potential in growth, nutrient removal, and biofuel production. Therefore, this research contributes valuable insights into sustainable wastewater treatment and bioenergy generation technologies, with empirical data supporting the findings.

“…As research continues to unveil their myriad benefits, microalgae are fast becoming a focus for sustainable and highquality natural products that could have lasting implications for human and animal health, as well as for the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems (Sousa et al, 2008;.One standout feature of microalgae is their high protein content, which has increased recognition of these organisms as an unconventional yet valuable protein source (Spolaore et al, 2006). Extensive analyses and nutritional assessments confirm that the quality of proteins derived from algae rivals that of traditional plant-based proteins (Becker, 2007;Tsai et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autotrophic production of bio-functional proteins from freshwater microalgae using natural water medium for an economical and ecofriendly approach

David D-W. Tsai,

Rameshprabu Ramaraj,

Yuwalee Unpaprom

et al. 2023

As natural repositories of a broad spectrum of bioactive compounds ranging from pigments and enzymes to unique fatty acids and proteins, microalgae have attracted growing interest for their potential to produce bio-functional proteins. This comprehensive study examines the autotrophic cultivation of freshwater microalgae, focusing on protein production using a photobioreactor and natural water as the growth medium. The cultivation strategy eliminated the need for supplemented nutrients, enhancing environmental sustainability and cost- effectiveness. The study achieved a biomass production rate of 0.262 mg/L/day and a notable protein yield of 27.69 mg/L/day. Our findings support the feasibility and efficacy of employing natural water as a cultivation medium for freshwater microalgae for protein production. This approach alleviates the environmental burden associated with synthetic growth media and contributes to reducing operational costs. The study thus demonstrates the potential for this methodology to pave the way for a new, eco-friendly, and economically sustainable paradigm in the production of algal bio-functional proteins. Moreover, the widespread availability of natural resources makes this approach highly adaptable and scalable for larger production systems.