Carbon Sequestration and Soil Aggregation in Center-Pivot Irrigated and Dryland Cultivated Farming Systems

Gillabel, Jeroen; Denef, Karolien; Brenner, John F.; Merckx, Roel; Paustian, Keith

doi:10.2136/sssaj2006.0215

Cited by 68 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Tillage also disrupts soil macroaggregation and prevents the formation of stable microaggregates, which can protect SOC for centuries (Six et al, , 2002. In a study in Nebraska, USA, Gillabel et al (2007) found no increase in macroaggregation with irrigation despite more than two-fold increase in residue inputs compared to dryland sites. Tilled, irrigated corn production systems seem to have a particularly low stabilization rate of added residues as SOC (Denef et al, 2008; Follett et al, 2013;Gillabel et al, 2007;Schmer et al, 2014).…”

Section: Surface Tillagementioning

confidence: 96%

Long-term N fertilization and conservation tillage practices conserve surface but not profile SOC stocks under semi-arid irrigated corn

Stewart

Halvorson

Delgado

2017

Soil and Tillage Research

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A B S T R A C TNo tillage (NT) and N fertilization can increase surface soil organic C (SOC) stocks, but these gains are frequently not observed through the soil profile and could be subject to loss through subsequent tillage events. We evaluated a long-term irrigated continuous corn no-tillage (NT) and N rate study near Fort Collins, CO that was split into continuous NT or strip till (ST) treatments after five years. We measured grain and residue yields yearly, and SOC and particulate organic matter C (POM-C) at baseline, 5 yrs and 11 yrs later. Continuous NT depressed grain yields (10%) but not stover yields compared to ST. Continuous NT and increasing N fertilization rate increased surface (0-7.5 cm) SOC stocks 10 and 13%, respectively, compared to baseline. Seven years of ST completely negated initial surface (0-7.5 cm) SOC gain under NT and was only partially explained by POM-C loss (8-25%). All treatments lost between 14 and 19 Mg C ha −1 in the soil profile (0-120 cm) compared to baseline with no N or tillage effects. Soil C cycling appears to be rapid in this irrigated system, requiring greater C inputs to maintain SOC stocks. Effective conservation practices will need to balance crop yield, surface erosion protection, and profile-wide SOC stock losses.

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Section: Surface Tillagementioning

confidence: 96%

Long-term N fertilization and conservation tillage practices conserve surface but not profile SOC stocks under semi-arid irrigated corn

Stewart

Halvorson

Delgado

2017

Soil and Tillage Research

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“…Considering that crop yields and therefore C returns to the soil did not change greatly with the adoption of irrigation, and were even among treatments, these differences can be understood as the consequence of the alteration of C mineralization dynamics with irrigation. It is known that irrigation modifies SOC mineralization rates, as more water is available when temperatures are adequate for microbial degradation of organic matter [72], regardless of the tillage system used. Increased mineralization rates have indeed been reported as a reason for no changes in SOC stocks observed following irrigation adoption in the region in the short-term [46], and for SOC losses in the long-term in other semi-arid areas [52], most likely associated to improved soil moisture conditions and nutrients availability [73][74][75].…”

Section: Soil Quality Indicator Selection-dryland Vs Irrigated Soil mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage Effects on Soil Quality after Three Years of Irrigation in Northern Spain

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Irrigation is being initiated on large areas of traditionally rainfed land to meet increasing global demand for food, feed, fiber and fuel. However, the consequences of this transition on soil quality (SQ) have scarcely been studied. Therefore, after previously identifying the most tillage-sensitive SQ indicators under long-term rainfed conditions, conversion of a research site on a Haplic Calcisol in Navarre, in northeast Spain provided an ideal location to reevaluate those SQ indicators after three years of irrigated management. The Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) was used to test our hypothesis that adopting irrigation could change the sensitivity and importance of non-irrigated SQ indicators. Several soil physical, chemical, and biological indicators along with crop yields were used to evaluate SQ three years after initiating irrigation on a long-term conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT) study where either barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was being grown. The results confirmed our hypothesis that irrigation would change the relative importance of various SQ indicators and suggested that some SMAF algorithms, such as those used to assess bulk density, needed to be recalibrated for these Mediterranean soils.

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“…Broad estimates of soil C accumulation based solely on C input may overrate the SOC accumulation via irrigation by underestimating CO 2 loss through increased decomposition or aggregrate disruption. Very few measured, direct comparisons of SOC stocks in dryland versus irrigated semi-arid agroecosystems exist (Lueking and Schepers, 1985;Bordovsky et al, 1999;Presley et al, 2004;Gillabel et al, 2007). Moreover, most studies examining management effects on soil carbon stocks in agroecosystems have focused on the surface 0-10 or 0-30 cm of the soil profile and frequently disregard the soil inorganic carbon (SIC) pool (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does long-term center-pivot irrigation increase soil carbon stocks in semi-arid agro-ecosystems?

et al. 2008

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Carbon Sequestration and Soil Aggregation in Center-Pivot Irrigated and Dryland Cultivated Farming Systems

Cited by 68 publications

References 26 publications

Long-term N fertilization and conservation tillage practices conserve surface but not profile SOC stocks under semi-arid irrigated corn

Long-term N fertilization and conservation tillage practices conserve surface but not profile SOC stocks under semi-arid irrigated corn

Tillage Effects on Soil Quality after Three Years of Irrigation in Northern Spain

Does long-term center-pivot irrigation increase soil carbon stocks in semi-arid agro-ecosystems?

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