“…Several policies to overcome such barriers exist: (i) carbon pricing (Buhaug et al, 2009;IMO, 2010;Nelissen et al, 2016;Baranzini et al, 2017), (ii) demonstration projects for innovative technologies, either operated, funded, or supported through public institutions such as the IMO which disseminates performance data from full-scale trials to raise expectations and knowledge of alternative technologies (Rojon and Dieperink, 2014;Nelissen et al, 2016;Rehmatulla et al, 2017b), (iii) access to capital through public funding (Nelissen et al, 2016), and (iv) speed limit introduction Mander, 2017). The effectiveness of such policies varies; some policies could result in negative distributional impacts and harm international trade (IMO, 2010;Vivid Economics, 2010).…”