Carbon Paste Electrodes Made from Different Carbonaceous Materials: Application in the Study of Antioxidants

Abstract

This work describes the sensing properties of carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) prepared from three different types of carbonaceous materials: graphite, carbon microspheres and carbon nanotubes. The electrochemical responses towards antioxidants including vanillic acid, catechol, gallic acid, l-ascorbic acid and l-glutathione have been analyzed and compared. It has been demonstrated that the electrodes based on carbon microspheres show the best performances in terms of kinetics and stability, whereas G-CPEs presented the smallest detection limit for all the antioxidants analyzed. An array of electrodes has been constructed using the three types of electrodes. As demonstrated by means of Principal Component Analysis, the system is able to discriminate among antioxidants as a function of their chemical structure and reactivity.

Voltammetric determination of melatonin using a graphene-based sensor in pharmaceutical products

“…One class of these materials are nanostructured carbonaceous materials, such as mesoporous carbon, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. 14 Graphene is a material used in various fields due to its unique structural, mechanical, and electronic properties. 15 One important application of graphene is biosensing and electrochemistry.…”

Electroanalytical Sensor Technology

“…The electrodes made using carbon microspheres were the most stable (giving consistent results for successive measurement of catechol, with a relative standard deviation of just 3.2%) and gave the best performances in terms of kinetics. Their work also demonstrated that an array combining the three electrode types could discriminate between a number of anti-oxidants depending on their chemical structure and reactivity [193].…”

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“…Carbon paste electrode (CPE) is a composite electrode constructed using carbon materials such as graphite (classical carbon paste electrodes), carbon nanotubes (carbon nanotube paste electrodes, CNPE), or derivates from the combination of two or more materials. CNPE consists of a homogeneous mixture of carbon nanotubes and a hydrophobic organic liquid (mineral oil, paraffin oil, or silicone oil) placed on a glass or plastic tube of diameter and depth defined [73,74]. Inam et al [75] detected the methiocarb insecticide by square-wave voltammetry (SWV) using a multi-walled carbon nanotube paste electrode.…”